In fungal cell walls

C-n.m.r. spectroscopy is useful in monitoring the purity of polysaccharide preparations. Similarly, in a multicomponent, biological system, such as exists in fungal cell-walls, the varying proportion of each polysaccharide can be gauged, once characteristic signals have been identified. 

Deoxymulundo-candin (158) Echinocandin- type antifungal antibiotic Aminocandin (NXL-201, IP960, HMR-3270)(159) Antifungal (Candida sp. infections) Targets the glucan in fungal cell walls Phase I Novexel 825-827... 

Jelsma, J. "Ultrastructure of Glucans in Fungal Cell Walls" Thesis, University of Groningen, 1979 ... 

Fiber Diffraction and Structure of (1-3) D-Glucan in Fungal Cell Walls... 

Pentoses, in fungal cell-walls, 413 Pentulose, 5-acetamido-5-deoxy-L-eri/t/iro-, 188... 

The primary cell-wall component of many species is chitin. At least in fungal cell walls and probably elsewhere, chitin occurs as part of a proteoglycan. 

Chitosan is a nontoxic and biocompatible linear polysaccharide derivate from chitin. Chitin is found in the exoskeleton of crustaceans, in fungal cell wall, and in some biomaterials. The partial deacetylation of chitin, in the presence of hot alkali, leads to the formation of chitosan. Chitosan (Figure 31.8) is formed by 80% p-(l,4)-2-amino-2-deoxy D-glucose and 20% p-(l,4)-2-acet-amido-2-deoxy-D-glucose repeating units. Unlike insoluble chitin, chitosan is soluble in acid solution, conditions that lead to the protonation of amino groups that are responsible for its polyelectrolyte character. Both deacetylation degree (DD) and molar mass have been shown to influence properties of chitosan in solution. " ... 

Zamani A., Jeihanipour A., Edebo L., Niklasson C., and Taherzadeh M. J. 2008. Determination of glucosamine and A-aeetyl glucosamine in fungal cell walls. J Agric Food Chem 56 8314—8318. 

Other biodegradable polymers include Konjac, a water-soluble natural polysaccharide produced by FMC, Chitin, another polysaccharide that is insoluble in water, and Chitosan, which is soluble in water. Chitin is found in insect exoskeletons and in shellfish. Chitosan can be formed from chitin and is also found in fungal cell walls. Chitin is used in many biomedical applications, including dialysis membranes, bacteriostatic agents, and wound dressings. Other applications include cosmetics, water treatment, adhesives, and fungicides. ... 

De Groot, P. W. J., Ram, A. F. Klis, F. M. (2005). Features and functions of covalently linked proteins in fungal cell walls. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 42, 657-675. 

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