Separation in-flight

R. Kohnlechner, Triboelectric charging and electrostatic separation of diverse, non-conductive mixed waste, especially plastic, employs enclosed vibro-conveyor followed by in-flight separation influenced by non-linear electrostatic field, DE Patent 19 901 743, assigned to Hamos GmbH Recycling und Separ, July 20, 2000. 

Figure 1.1. In-flight separation of an upper section of the fuselage of a B737-200 aircraft in 1988 attributed to corrosion and fatigue.

At Darmstadt these elements were identified using the velocity filter SHIP, which provides an in-flight separation of the heavy-ion nuclear reaction fragments. The products were then identified by a-spectroscopic measurements of the new elements and of their decay products. The production rates are extremely low in this type of experiments. So far only 38 atoms of element 107, 3 atoms of element 108 and 3 atoms of element 109 have been observed. Attenqjts to synthesize heavier elements via the same type of reaction continue at Darmstadt, Dubna and Berkeley. 

National Transportation Safety Board. 2004. Report AAR-04-04. In-Flight Separation of Vertical Stabilizer, American Airlines Flight 587, Airbus Industrie A300-605R, N14053, Belle Harbor, New York, November 12, 2001. Washington, DC NTSB. 

As indicated in O Table 18.5, for the detection and identification of isotopes with Tin < 1 ms, one has to employ in-flight separators based on electromagnetic separation of reaction products. Currently working in-flight separators for studies of transuranium nuclei are listed in O Table 18.6. Detailed description of the in-flight separators is given by Miinzenberg (1997). 

Currently working in-flight separators for studies of transuranium nuclides... 

Leino, M. In-flight separation with gas-filled systems. Nucl. Instrum. Methods in Phys. Res. B126, 320-328 (1997)... 

A flight instrument that uses electric means for obtaining a measure of the droplet-size distribution in above freezing clouds has been devised and given preliminary evaluation in flight (IN). An electric charge is placed on the droplets and they are separated aerodynamically according to mass. 

The external forces on the duct are expressed as if the pressure on the external surface were identical with the ambient pressure of the atmosphere, although of course in actual flight this is not so. Therefore, for a duct in flight, this equation implies a certain arbitrary separation between the thrust F and the aerodynamic drag D. Separation in this manner is justified by its convenience, because the thrust measured in a ground test of the propulsion system is closely equal to the thrust F thus calculated. 

An additional benefit for future experiments at the SIS - ESR facility is the availability of intense beams of unstable nuclei produced by fragmentation of the primary ion beam. At GSI, these secondary ions are separated from the primary beam in flight in the FRS (fragment separator), and the resulting beam of unstable nuclei can be stored in the ESR. 

Design Methods for Rotary Kilns In rotary kilns, the material is not showered through the air stream but is retained in the lower part of the cylinder. Gas-solids contacting is much less efficient than in flighted units. Heat transfer is by radiation and convection from the flowing gas to the kiln brick and exposed bed surface and by radiation from die brick to the bed. For units employing separate combustion chambers, it can be assumed that at high temperatures the wall-film... 

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