Immunotoxins immunogenicity

Tsutsumi, Y., M. Onda, S. Nagata, B. Lee, R.J. Kreitman, and I. Pastan, Site-specific chemical modification with polyethylene glycol of recombinant immunotoxin anti-Tac(Fv)-PE38 (LMB-2) improves antitumor activity and reduces animal toxicity and immunogenicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,... 

Unfortunately, studies completed so far show that the present generation of immunotoxins lack specificity and are also immunogenic a major fraction still ends up in the liver and causes toxicity, and severe side-... 

Despite the recent advances in immunotoxin design, there remain two major obstacles still to be resolved, namely immunogenicity and toxicity. Although the humanized or fully human antibody moiety of an immunotoxin has limited... 

Immunotoxins continue to be actively investigated as viable alternatives to conventional therapies for a variety of diseases. An array of different recombinant, antibody formats are now available for use in immunotoxins. While these design changes have improved the overall in vitro and preclinical in vivo efficacy of immunotoxins, increased potency does not address either of the two major concerns for drugs of this type immunogenicity and toxicity. As such, immunotoxins in their current form may have limited application other than to those disease conditions either where the patients are immunocompro-... 

Harkonen, S., Stoudemire, J., Mischak, R., Spitler, L., Lopez, H., and Scannon, P. (1987) Toxicity and immunogenicity of monoclonal antimelanoma antibody-ricin A chain immunotoxins in rats. Cancer Res. 47, 1377-1385. 

Chen, S.-Y., Zani, C., Khouri, Y., and Marasco, W. A. (1995) Design of a genetic immunotoxin to eliminate toxin immunogenicity. Gene Therapy 2,116-123. 

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