Immunotoxicity sarin

In the experiments in rats with acute sarin poisoning (DL50), antidotes were administered intraperitoneally as follows dipiroxym 15 mg/kg, atropine 20 mg/ kg (2 times a day, every 12 hours, for 2 days). The first dose of antidote was administered to the animals 10 minutes after exposure to the poison. It was established that, in acute intoxication with sarin, the usage of atropine amplified its immunotoxic effect. Dipiroxymc, on the contrary, reduced manifestations of the postintoxication immunodeficiency state. 

In another study involving malathion-poisoned human subjects, significant levels of malathion residue of 503-702 mg/L were seen, and this was associated with significant enhancements of IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-a levels in blood, whereas no significant changes in immunoglobulin levels were seen. This study thus showed altered levels of cytokines in the blood of mal-athione-exposed subjects (Seth et al., 2008). Kassa et al. (2001) showed that rats exposed once or repeatedly to three various low concentrations (0.8,1.25 and 2.5 pg/L) of sarin for 60 min in an inhalation chamber induced immunotoxicity. Nonconvulsive concentrations of sarin caused subtle suppression of spontaneous, as well as lipopolysaccharides-stimulated proliferation of spleen lymphocytes and bactericidal activity of peritoneal macrophages. 

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