Immunoanalytical techniques

Lee, N.A. and I.R. Kennedy. 2001. Environmental monitoring of pesticides by immunoanalytical techniques Validation, current status, and future perspectives. J. AOAC Int. 84 1393-1406. 

The properties of high specificity and a wide applicability with many analytes have led to the widespread use of immunoanalytical techniques. The benefits of electrochemical sensors include technical simplicity, speed, and convenience via direct transduction to electronic equipment. Combining these two systems offers the possibility of a convenient assay technique with high selectivity. Because of the complexity of immunoassay methods, such devices have not yet found widespread use. Nevertheless, electrochemical immuno-sensors offer the potential for fast, simple, cost-effective analysis of many... 

Schobel U., Barzen C., and Gauglitz S., Immunoanalytical techniques for pesticide monitoring based on fluorescence detection, Fresenius. J. Anal. Chem., 366(6-7), 646-658, 2000. 

The application of the term proteomics [13,14], and the development of new HTS laboratory techniques (e.g., immunoanalytical methods, flow cytometry, microarray technologies, and mass spectrometry) open new opportunities in diagnostics. It should be noted that during proteome analysis, (1) there are many differences between the protein content and the protein pattern of different cell populations and (2) many factors (e.g., environmental effects, time, activation, and differentiation states) can cause detectable changes in the proteome of an individual cell. 

Immunoanalytical methods occupy an important position in bioanalytical chemistry. Chemical derivatization plays a fundamental role in this technique. Small analyte molecules (haptenes) are covalently bound to proteins to raise the antibody, which is the basis for their highly selective and sensitive assay. Various labeled derivatives of the analyte are then prepared for competitive binding on the antibody (radiolabeling, labeling for enzyme immunoassay, fluorescence immunoassay, fluorescence polarization immunoassay, and luminescence immunoassay). These derivatization reactions are carried out by the... 

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