Immunity and Disease

PD is characterized by activation of microglial cells found in and around degenerating neurons. Reactive microglia are commonly seen within the SNpc of PD brains investigated at 

In ALS patients an abundance of data indicates the active involvementoftheimmunesystemindiseaseprocesses. Activated 

Once acdvated, microglia can produce noxious factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, quinolinic acid, arachidonic acid and its metabolites, and excitatory amino acids among others. A major defense mechanism provided by MP is the producdon of free radicals and reacdve molecular 

Reactive species of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are thought to play an active role in PD and ALS wherein the very utilization and production of neurotransmitters produces harmful reactive species. In PD, the metabolism of 

In ALS, 8-OHclG mocUfied DNA is detected in spinal cord dssues (Calingasan et al., 2005) and CSF (Ihara et al., 2005) from sporacUc ALS (SALS) and PALS padents, while levels of nuclear 8-OHclG are increased in motor cortex of SALS padents, but not PALS padents (Shibata et al., 2000). 

Dead Neurons Aggregated Proteins ci-Synuclein tnutSODI Chromagranins 

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The authors concluded that a relation between immunization and disease could not be excluded. 

Unfortunately the authors reported no data on the vaccine used or the interval between immunization and disease onset. 

Pham, P., Bransteitter, R., and Goodman, M.F. (2005) Reward versus risk DNA cytidine deaminases triggering immunity and disease. Biochemistry, 44, 2703-2715. 

Clinical malaria is characterised by periodic fever, which follows the lysis of infected erythrocytes, and caused mainly by the induction of cytokines interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor. P. falciparum infection can have serious effects, for example anaemia, cerebral complications (from coma to convulsions), hypoglycaemia and glomerulonephritis. The disease is most serious in the non-immune, including children, pregnant women and tourists. Humans in endemic areas, who have survived an attack of malaria, are semi-immune and disease can be characterised by headache and mild fever. Infection by the other species of Plasmodium is normally self-limiting although relapses may occur, particularly in P. vivax infections. The species of parasite and the age and immune status of the patient are important in considerations of treatment and interpretation of the effects of all medicines. 

Another issue is autoantibodies to P450 1 lAl (and also P450 17A1) in patients with autoimmune polyglandular s5mdrome types I and II, and Addison s disease" - As with other P450s recognized by autoantibodies, causal relationships between immunity and disease are unclear. 

Soybeans contain saponins that are a group of ph5 onutrients with immunity and disease-fighting potential. They also act to increase immunity, prevent cancer, and fight infections. Soy is also high in protein, vitamin E, lecithin, and omega-3 fatty acids. 

CHIU c s and liu c-h (2009) Enhancement of immunity and disease resistance in the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, by the probiotic. Bacillus subtUis E20, Fish Shellfish Immunol, 26, 339-344. 

Figure 1. Interrelations among diet, immunity, and disease.

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