Immune system phosphate

Brinkerhoff CR, Sharma RP, Boucier DR. 1981. The effects of Tn-ortho-to y Phosphate (TOTP) on the immune system of mice. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 5 368-376. 

Nonviable cells of S. faecalis strain N were used for the immunization of rabbits to activate the immune system to synthesize antibodies. To prepare the vaccine, the cells from 500 mL of freshly grown culture were collected by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm and then shaken in 100 mL of 0.2% formaldehyde in saline for 48 h. After removal of the formaldehyde by washing the cells with 0.01 M phosphate buffer of pH 7.2 in saline, the cells were suspended in 80 mL of sterile saline. Viability tests showed that the cells were made nonviable by this treatment. This suspension exhibited high absorbance at 600 nm and was used for immunizing rabbits. 

ATP + protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate (<1> regulation of mitosis, differentiation, migration, neovascularization, and apoptosis [40] <1> PTKs are closely related with cell groth, proliferation, differentiation and signalling of the immune system)... 

Cyster G 2005 Chemokines, sphingosine-l-phosphate, and cell migration in secondary lymphoid organs. Annu Rev Immunol 23 127—159 Diaz GA 2005 CXCR4 mutations in WHIM syndrome a misguided immune system. Immunol Rev 203 235-243... 

A considerable amount of research has been conducted on synthetic versions of the nucleic acids. These have included poly(alkylene phosphates) and related species,and vinyl or (meth)acryloyl derivatives of the nucleic bases.Some polymers of nucleic bases also act as immune system activators. ... 

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