Immobilization direct photolithographic

Fig. 9. Photograph of a glucose oxidase-immobilized membrane patterned on jui ion-sensitive FET by the direct photolithographic patterning method enzyme-immobilized membrane (1000 X 200 pm) on right ion-sensitive gate. Left ion-sensitive gate is left blank for comparison.

DNA arrays are fabricated by immobilizing the complementary DNA (cDNA) onto a solid substrate such as silicon, nylon or glass. This can be achieved by robotic printing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products (also known as direct-deposition approach), photolithographical synthesis of complementary oligonucleotides or piezoelectric inkjet printing of PCR products (also known as indirect-deposition approach). 

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