Imipramine Ethanol

In a manner similar to imipramine, an ethanol extract of valerian root was found to prevent immobility induced by a forced-swimming test in rats, suggesting a potential antidepressant effect of valerian (Sakamoto et al. 1992). 

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of olanzapine have been extensively reviewed (266). Olanzapine does not inhibit CYP isozymes, and no clinically significant metabolic interactions were found of olanzapine with aminophylline, biperiden, diazepam, ethanol, fluoxetine, imipramine, lithium, or R/S-warfarin. 

A 30% ethanol extract of the Japanese valerian root ( Hokkai-Kisso ) extract (4.1 g/kg and 5.7 g/kg) and imipramine (20 mg/kg) also demonstrated statistically significant antidepressant effects compared to placebo as measured by the forced swimming test in rats (26). As in the Oshima study, kessyl glycol diacetate exhibited no antidepressant activity in the forced swimming test. Because the forced swimming test can be affected by stimulants, anticholinergics, and antihistamines as well as antidepressants, the effect of the valerian extract on reserpine-induced hypothermia, a test for antidepressant activity and inhibition of neuronal reuptake of monoamines, was measured. Both valerian (11.2 g/kg) and imipramine (20 mg/kg) reversed reserpine-induced hypothermia, suggesting that the antidepressant effect of valerian is caused by reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters, as with conventional antidepressants. 

Fiq. 35. A chromatogram of an ether extract (see text) of 5 ml of urine containing 0.5 /ig each of imipramine, promazine, chlorpromazine, and mepazine per milliliter of urine. Residue was dissolved in 100 /d of ethanol 5 /tl of this solution was injected into the gas chromatograph. Column temperature 240° attenuation X 20. Reproduced from Street (Sll) with permission. 

Ehlers T, Ritter M. Effects of the tetracyclic antidepressant piriindole on sensorimotcr performance and subjective condition in comparison to imipramine and during interaction of ethanol. Neuropsychobiology (1984) 12, 48-54. 

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