Ilmenite titanium purification

The chlorination process is to remove iron as a solid FeCls with chlorine from ilmenite. Titanium oxide is produced from ilmenite as the raw materials. However, it is also produced from rutile by oxidation after purification as TiCU with chlorination process [2]. 

Titanium. The metallurgy of titanium illustrates the purification of one metal by another. The major titanium ores are mtile (Ti02) and ilmenite (FeTi03). Either is converted to titanium(IV) chloride by a redox reaction with... 

Titanium dioxide (E171, Cl white 6) is a white, opaque mineral occurring naturally in three main forms rutile, anatase, and brookite. More than 4 million tons of titanium dioxide are produced per year and it is widely used for industrial applications (paints, inks, plastics, textiles) and in small amounts as a food colorant. ° "° Production and properties — Titanium oxide is mainly produced from ilmenite, a titaniferous ore (FeTiOj). Rutile and anatase are relatively pure titanium dioxide (Ti02) forms. Titanium oxide pigment is produced via chloride or sulfate processes via the treatment of the titanium oxide ore with chlorine gas or sulfuric acid, followed by a series of purification steps. High-purity anatase is preferred for utilization in the food industry. It may be coated with small amounts of alumina or silica to improve technological properties. 

Titanium is relatively abundant in the earth s crust (0.6%). The main ores are ilmenite (FeTi03) and rutile, one of the several crystalline varieties of Ti02. It is not possible to obtain the metal by the common method of reduction with carbon because a very stable carbide is produced moreover, the metal is rather reactive toward oxygen and nitrogen at elevated temperatures. Because the metal has uniquely useful properties, however, expensive methods for its purification are justified. In addition to a proprietary electrolytic method, there is the older Kroll... 

There are two main processes for extracting titanium from the ores. In the first, ilmenite or titaniferous slag is attacked with sulfuric acid to form a solution of titanium. The titanium is separated as a hydrated titanium dioxide by a nucleation process which is treated to form titanium dioxide pigments. In the second process, the mineral is chlorinated in the presence of a reducing agent (usually coke) to form titanium tetrachloride. After purification by distillation, the titanium tetrachloride may be reduced with sodium or magnesium to... 

---