Ignition furnace

USA Flickering flames when igniting furnace Due to a wrong ventilation, an explosive mixture aroused in a furnace and exploded 6 1979-2001 USA,The Netherlands... 

This is called the Setchkin Technique and covers the laboratory determination of the self-ignition and flash-ignition temperatures of plastics using a hot-air-ignition furnace as the heat source. 

The ASTM procedure describes in detail the hot-air ignition furnace with accessories, consisting primarily of an electrical heating unit, air source, specimen holder, thermocouples, pilot flame, and timing device. 

The feed, consisting of a blend of fine ore and solid fuel (coal), is first placed as uniformly as possible onto an endless perforated belt, made-up of connected and hinged cast iron or steel sections, and then passes through an ignition furnace, which is a short hood with burners inside. The flames impinge on the surface of the bed and ignite solid fuel that is close to the hot interface. From that point on, air is pulled through the completely open bed, in a downdraft fashion combustion of the solid... 

The following devices and equipment are essential in the spot test analysis laboratory hand balance, microanalytical balance, torsion balance, pH meter, UV lamp, IR lamp, centrifuge, hot closet, dr5ung apparatus, ignition furnace, hot plates, water baths, micro-distillation equipment, electrographic apparatus, cooling block, spectrophotometer, stereomicroscope, chemical microscope (or polarization microscope), a melting point apparatus, an electric clock. 

Horizontal Hot air ignition furnace Flash and selfignition temperatures Visual characteristics... 

Figure 8-7. Cross section of hot-air ignition furnace assembly. (Reprinted with permission of ASTM.)...

Fire-Resistant Hydraulic Fluids. Fire-resistant hydrauhc fluids are used where the fluid could spray or drip from a break or leak onto a source of ignition, eg, a pot of molten metal or a gas flame (17). Conditions such as these exist in die-casting machines or in presses located near furnaces. Specific tests for fire resistance are conducted by Factory Mutual in the United States. 

Fig. 7. Schematic drawing of a HaIs arc furnace. A, ground B, ignition electrode C, beU-shaped cathode D, insulator E, turbulence chamber F, ground ...

The traveling-grate furnace requires less labor, increases the output per unit of grate area, and produces more uniform product than the WetheriU. furnaces. The traveling grate is an endless chain of cast-iron bars, driven by sprockets, which traverses a firebrick chamber. Anthracite briquettes are fed to a depth of ca 15 cm. After ignition by the previous charge, the coal briquettes are covered by 15—16.5 cm of ore/coal briquettes. The latter are dried with waste heat from the furnace. Zinc vapor evolves and bums in a combustion chamber and the spent clinker faUs into containers for removal (24,25). 

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