Idiopathic membranous nephropathy

Schieppati A, Perna A, Zamora J, Giuhano GA, Braun N, Remuzzi G. Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004. 

In the following we concentrate mainly on the pathogenesis of minimal change disease, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, and idiopathic membranous nephropathy. These three diseases are responsible for about 60-95% of nephrotic syndromes and their prevalence depends on age. 

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy is the commonest form of nephrotic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly patients. The glomerular capillary wall is thickened due to immune deposits (containing mosty immunoglobulin G, IgG)... 

Klouda PT, Manos J, Acheson EJ, Dyer PA, Goldby FS, Flarris R, Lawler W, Mallick NP, Williams G. Strong association between idiopathic membranous nephropathy and FILA-DRW3. Lancet 1979 2 770-771. 

Erwin DT, Donadio JV, Holley KE. The clinical course of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Mayo Clin Proc 1973 48 697-712. 

In addition to heavy proteinuria, urinalysis often reveals lipiduria and oval fat bodies. Microhematuria is seen in fewer than 25% of patients, and gross hematuria and red cell casts are rare. In idiopathic membranous nephropathy, the serum complement concentrations are normal. Low levels of complement should alert one to search for secondary causes, such as lupus, hepatitis B infection, or an alterna-... 

Because spontaneous remission is common and only about 25% of patients with new-onset idiopathic membranous nephropathy ulti-... 

Sarasin FP, Schifferli JA. Prophylactic oral anticoagulation in nephrotic patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Kidney Int 1994 45 578-585. 

Geddes CC, Cattran DC. The treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Semin Nephrol 2000 20 299-308. 

Rostoker G, Maadi AB, Remy P, et al. Low-dose angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor captopril to reduce proteinuria in adult idiopathic membranous nephropathy A prospective study of long-term treatment. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1995 10 25-29. 

Ponticelli C, Altieri P, Scolari F, et al. A randomized study comparing methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil versus methylprednisolone plus cyclophosphamide in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998 9 444-450. 

Imperiale TF, Goldfarb S, Berns JS. Are cytotoxic agents beneficial in idiopathic membranous nephropathy A meta-analysis of the controlled trials. J Am Soc Nephrol 1995 5 1553-1558. 

Piccoli A, Pillon L, Passerini P, et al. Therapy for idiopathic membranous nephropathy Tailoring the choice by decision analysis. Kidney Int 1994 45 1193-1202. 

Remuzzi G, Chiurchiu C, Abbate M, et al. Rituximab for idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Lancet 2002 360 923-924. 

Cattran DC, Pei Y, Greenwood CM, et al. Validation of a predictive model of idiopathic membranous nephropathy Its clinical and research implications. Kidney Int 1997 51 901-907. 

Glassock, R. J. (2009) Human idiopathic membranous nephropathy— a mystery solved N. Engl. J. Med. 361, 81-83. 

Urinary tract Kidneys Dysregulation of VEGF expression within the glomerulus has been associated with a wide range of renal diseases, many of which cause significant hypertension and varying amounts of proteinuria, and they may occur within weeks to months after administration. A first case in which there is a temporal relationship between intravitreal bevacizumab therapy and idiopathic membranous nephropathy was reported [24]. 

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