Ice-calorimeter

Dieterici s number is much higher than the others, which are in good agreement this experimenter used the Bunsen ice calorimeter, which is a very uncertain instrument. His results are, however, included in the mean adopted below. 

Cases in which a cell cools or warms itself in action had been investigated by Braun (1878—1888), and the quantitative relation was verified in a number of cases by Jahn (1886), who measured the latent heats by placing the cell in an ice calorimeter. 

C06-0090. The amount of heat produced in an ice calorimeter is determined from the quantity of ice that melts, knowing that it takes 6.01 kJ of heat to melt exactly 1 mol of ice. Suppose that a 12.7-g copper block at 200.0 °C is dropped into an ice calorimeter. How many grams of ice will melt ... 

C06-0091. A gold coin whose mass is 7.65 g is heated to 100.0 °C in a boiling water bath and then quickly dropped into an ice calorimeter. What mass of ice melts (See Problem 6.55 for useful information.)... 

Scottish chemist, physicist, and physician. Professor of chemistry at Glasgow. He clearly characterized carbon dioxide ( fixed air ) as the gas which makes caustic alkalies mild, and distinguished between magnesia and lime. He discovered the latent heats of fusion and vaporization, measured the specific heats of many substances, and invented an ice calorimeter. 

Addnl Refs A) C. Lenchitz, "Ice Calorimeter Determination of Enthalpy and Specific Heat of Eleven Organometallic Compounds , PATR 2224 ( 1955) B) R. Veliky et al, "Enthalpy Change, Heat of Fusion, and Specific Heat of Basic Explosives , PATR 2504(1959) c) L.M. Fingerson, "Research on the Development and Evaluation of a Two-Sensor.Enthalpy Probe , Thermo Systems Inc Rept ARL 64-161 (Oct 1964) [Contract AF 33(657)-9917] D) D.E. Adams,... 

There remain to be considered the data of Thomsen3 15 who burned oxygen in hydrogen in a flame at constant pressure in a calorimeter at room temperature of Schuller and Wartha,1 who burned oxygen in hydrogen in a flame at constant pressure in an ice calorimeter and of... 

The importance of calorimetry in the study of chemical reactions was recognized as early as ca 1790, when Lavoisier Laplace invented the "ice calorimeter (Ref 28)(See also Ref 3,p 21)... 

A 15.3-g portion of an organic liquid at 26.2°C was poured into the reaction chamber of an ice calorimeter and cooled to 0.0°C. The rise in water level indicated that 3.09 g of ice melted. Calculate the specific heat of this organic liquid. 

Heat can also be pumped out from a calorimeter by other principles, e.g., by use of a cooling liquid, but such procedures are now only of historical interest in connection with laboratory calorimeters. Mainly of historical interest is also compensation of exothermic processes by use of melting of a solid, e.g., ice, surrounding the calorimeter vessel. Lavoisier used such an ice calorimeter (later often called a Bunsen calorimeter) in his pioneering biocalorimetric work (see Kleiber, 1961). For endothermic processes, compensation is easily achieved by release of electrical energy in the vessel. 

The Bunsen ice calorimeter measures AH at 273.15 K by melting ice in an ice-water mixture that is in contact with an Hg reservoir the partial conversion of some ice into water of higher density draws a weighable amount of Hg into the calorimeter. 

Thermal Methods. Applicable when the heat of the reaction is large enough to measure easily. It is a fairly elegant method when used in conjunction with an ice calorimeter for reactions that are run at 0°C. It requires more elaborate equipment at other temperatures, and it also requires good stirring equipment to maintain constancy of temperatures. 

A tube of mercury formed the inner tube of a Bunsen s ice calorimeter (Fig. l.VIII F see 8.IX M), and was in the centre of a larger tube containing mercury, heated above by a current of steam. The temperature of the central tube, of cross-section A, was uniform, and if / is the distance between two sections with temperatures ti and tz (ti>t2X and q the measured quantity of heat flowing into the calorimeter per sec. ... 

Dietericis found the density of saturated water vapour at 0° C. as 4 8856 mg. /lit. by determining the weight of water evaporated in an ice calorimeter (the heat change giving the weight) to fill a known volume in an evacuated bulb. This is 204 68 Iit./g. 

The ice calorimeter. The form of ice calorimeter in use at the present daty was invented by Bunsen, and is based on the observation that unit mass of every pure solid substance absorbs a perfectly definite amount w of (latent) heat in the process of melting. / /... 

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