I-Measurement

Since the pH-gradients are remarkably linear, the isoelectric point of a protein can be determined fairly closely by means of markers. These consist of stained proteins with known isoelectric points. This possibility has been mentioned by Awdeh and co-workers (39), Wrigley (29), Leaback and Rutter (37,38) and others. 

---

A simple decision-making problem is I measure variable x of a population A and the same variable xof a population B. I get (slightly) different results. Is there areal difference between populations A and B based on the difference in measurements, or am I only seeing different parts of the distributions of identical populations ... 

Have compared intensity F, measured from the films prepared by introduction of an analyzed material to polymer in a various aggregative stations as a powder, a solution and a mix of a powder with a solution. The weight of an introduced material (in recalculation on superficial density P ) changed from 0,14 up to 0,43 mg/cm. Have established, that in some cases the value I, measured from films with a powder, it is essential ( 40 %) less the value I, measured from films with a solution, containing identical quantity of determined elements. By using of methods of a standard - background and internal standard this decrease is saved. 

COD provides i measure of the oxygen equivalent to that portion of the organic mtitter in i sample that is susceptible to oxidation by a strong chemical oxidant. A higher level of COD can be degraded (neutralized) chemically. The le el of COD. however, automatically reduces with the level of BOD and no further treatment is normally necessary. 

Optical methods of analysis are dependent either upon (i) measurement of the amount of radiant energy of a particular wavelength absorbed by the sample, or (ii) the emission of radiant energy and measurement of the amount of energy of a particular wavelength emitted. Absorption methods are usually classified according to the wavelength involved as (a) visible spectrophotometry (colorimetry), (b) ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and (e) infrared spectrophotometry. 

Table I. Measured Reaction Cross-Sections for the Formation of Secondary and Tertiary Ions at E/P between 10 and 40 volts/cm.

Several books and symposium proceedings on luminescence standards and measurements have been published in the last several years, including "Advances in Standards and Methodology in Spectrophotometry" (i), "Measurement of Fhotolumlnescence" (2), "Standards in Fluorescence Spectrometry" (J), and "Modern Fluorescence Spectroscopy" (Volumes 1-4) (4). These books, the references within them, and the classic in the field, "Photoluminescence of Solutions" by C.A. Parker (5), provide the researcher with extensive information about luminescence standards and measurements. 

De Marco R, Mackey DJ (2000) Calibration of a chalcogenide glass membrane ion-selective electrode for the determination of free Fe in seawater I. Measurements in UV photooxidised seawater. Mar Chem 68 283-294 Van den Berg CMG (2000) Mar Chem 71 331-332... 

Most spectrometers measure the magnetic field by a Hall effect probe consisting of a sensor mounted on one of the pole faces of the magnet. However, such estimates of the value of B inside the cavity are not sufficiently accurate to be used for g-factor determinations. There are two ways around this problem (i) measure the spectrum of a solid free radical such as dip-henylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), which has a well-known g-value (2.0028), at least once during acquisition of the desired spectrum or (ii) use of an NMR gaussmeter probe inserted in or near the cavity several times during the collection of the spectrum. 

Tardos, G. I., Measurement of Powder and Binder Characteristics which Determine Agglomerate Growth during Granulation, Proc. of the 25th Israel Conf onMech. Eng., Haifa, Israel (1994)... 

Table I. Measurements of radon concentration in air in four towns in Central Sweden at the beginning of the 1950s in houses built before 1946 (Hultqvist, 1956)...

We adopted as the present chemical composition the O/H, C/O, N/O, and Fe/H abundances from the H II region Hubble V (Peimbert et al. 2005) and from A-type supergiants (Venn et al. 2001). With these abundances and assuming the solar abundances by Asplund et al. (2005), we have determined its metallicity (Z = 0.6Zq). Since Venn et al. find no metallicity gradient, we have assumed that at present the ISM is well mixed. We have obtained the amount of gaseous mass, Mgas = 2 x 108Mq, based on the H I measurement inside r < 5 kpc, the present helium abundance, and an estimation of M(H2). 

Experiment 3. Estimation of residual enzyme activity in the biotest To calculate the residual activity of AChE-biotest after AChE inhibitors action on the biotest, three measurements will be done (i) measurement Dn of the biotests after incubation with substrate, (ii) measurement Dw/s after incubation without substrate and (iii) measurement Ding after incubation with substrate and inhibitor. The amount of residual activity (A) will be calculated in percentage with the following formula ... 

Jobbagy, A., and Jobbagy, G.M. (1973) Examination of FITC preparations. I. Measurements of the dye content of fluorescein isothiocyanate preparations./. Immunol. Meth. 2, 159-168. 

Figure 8. Nonlinear coupling result (reflectivity vs. angle) for PDA film at - 6700 A. Die high and low intensity (Hi I and Lo I) measurements were done under the same experimental condition andP.L-0.7 I0 6jand EH= 7 I0 6j (details are discussed in the text). Note Od is the detector angle - 26,.

Von Damm, K. L., J. M. Edmond, B. Grant and C. I. Measures, 1985, Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions at 21 °N, East Pacific Rise. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 49, 2197-2220. 

Basketter, D.A., Gerberick, G.F. and Kimber, I., Measurement of allergenic potential using the local lymph node assay, Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 22, 264, 2001. 

Measurements of pressure-area (jc-A) isotherms and transfers of monolayers on a substrate were carried out by using a computer-controlled film balance system (San-Esu Keisoku, Co., Fukuoka, FSD-20). Maximum surface area on the trough was 475 X 150 mm2. The trough surface and the moving barrier were coated with Teflon, and the subphase was temperature-controlled with a thermostat (20 0.5 °C). The concentration of lipid solutions was 1 mg/ml and the spreading amount of lipid solutions was 50 - 150 pi. After solvent evaporation, the monolayer was compressed at the speed of 0.60 cm2 s-i. Measurements of n-A isotherms and transfers of monolayer on a QCM substrate were performed automatically with the usual manner [26,27]. 

Antonello, J.M., Clark, R.L. and Heyse, J.F. (1993). Application of Tahey Trend Test procedures to assess developmental and reproductive toxicity. I. Measurement data. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 21 52-58. 

Yu, X. B. Grant, D. M. Walker, G. S., A new dehydrogenation mechanism for reversible multicomponent borohydride systems-The role of Li-Mg alloys. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006, (37), 3906-8. l0Herbstein, F. H. Averbach, B. L., The structure of lithium-magnesium solid solutions—I Measurements on the Bragg reflections. Acta Metallurgica 1956, 4, (4), 407-413. 

Stevens, D. J. and Elton, G. A. H. (1977). Thermal properties of starch/water system. Part I. Measurement of heat of gelatinization by differential scanning calorimetry. Die Starke 23, 8-11. 

Sepall, O. and Mason, S.G. (1961). Hydrogen exchange between cellulose and water. I. Measurement of accessibility. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 39, 1934—1943. 

Gritti, F. and Guiochon, G, Influence of the pressure on the properties of chromatographic columns i. Measurement of the compressibility of methanol-water mixtures on amesoporous silica adsorbent, J. Chromatogr. A, 1070, 1, 2005. 

Figure 37. Qualitative summary of current contributions from the surface path (Is) and the bulk path (7b) for LSM disk microelectrodes on YSZ based on i— measurements in air at 800 °C. (Reprinted with permission from ref 228. Copyright 2002 Elsevier.)...

---