Hyperoside quercetin

Colored substance zones were obtained which could be analyzed quantitatively. The (visual) detection limits were hypericin 1 ng, rutin and chlorogenic acid 5 ng, hyperoside — quercetin 10 ng per mm chromatogram zone. The detection limits for densitometric analysis are between 20 and 50% of those for visual detection. 

Fig. 1 Chromatography of flavonoids. 1. Extract. Solidaginis 2. Rutin — chlorogenic acid — isoquercitrin — quercitrin 3. Extract. Hyperici 4. Hyperosid — quercetin-3-arabinosid — hypericin — quercetin 5. Extract. Betulae...

In addition to the induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis, chilling stress has also been shown to promote the formation of colorless flavonoids. Cold treatments (and drought stress) caused increases in levels of (—)-epicatechin and hyperoside (quercetin 3-galactoside) in two species of hawthorn, Crataegus laevigata and C. monogyna. Such treatments also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the shoot extracts, and this may be the primary function of these cold-inducible flavonoids. 

Fig. 1 Chromatography of flavonoids. 1. Extract. Solidaginis 2. Rutin — chlorogenic acid — isoquercitrin — quercitrin 3. Extract. Hyperici 4. Hyperosid — quercetin-3-arabinosid — hypericin — quercetin 5. Extract. Betulae-------------------------------------------------...

Phytochemistry The bark contains tannins and the fruits contain up to 260 mg% vitamin C (Zapryagaeva 1964). Howers contain flavonoids (hyperoside, quercetin, vitexin, and vitexin-ramnoside), triterpene saponins (ursolic and oleanoUc acids) and essential oil. The fruits contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polysaccharides, fatty oil, and phenolcarbonic acids (chlorogenic and caffeic Khodzhimatov 1989). 

These a-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 2, 2,5-trimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavanone (12) and tlatlancuayin (2 ,5-dimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone, 11) were lower when compared to that (a-glucosidase inhibitory activities) of hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-galactoside, hyperin, 13) [34, 35],... 

Flavonoids (Quercetin, Rutin, Hyperoside, Quercitrin) [15] Method... 

Fig. 1 Separation of flavonoids fluorescence scanning curve of rutin (1), hyperoside (2), quercitrin (3) and quercetin (4).

The following fiRf values were obtained quercetin 90 — 95, hypericin 75 — 80, quercitrin 60 — 65, quercetin-3-arabinoside 55 — 60, isoquercitrin 45 — 50, hyperoside 40—45, chlorogenic acid 30 — 35, rutin 20—25 (Fig. 1). 

Hydroxytryptamine 380 5-Hydroxytryptophan 240,241 Hydroxytyramine 392 Hyodesoxycholic acid 334 Hyperici, Extract. 279 Hypericin 148, 279, 280 Hyperoside 149,279,323 -, -quercetin 280... 

Fig. 2.49. Profile of Hypericum perforatum extract with the H LC-MS attributions of the components detected. 1 = chlorogenic acid isomer 2 = 3-0- -coumaroylquinic acid 3 = chlorogenic acid 4 = rutin 5 = hyperoside 6 = isoquercitrin 7 = 3,3, , , 7-pentahydroxyflavanone 7-0-rhamnopyranoside 8 = quercitrin 9 = quercetin 10 = 13,118 tapigenin 11 = pSeudohypericin 12 = hypericin 13 = hyperforin analogue 14 = hyperform dialogue 15 = hyperforin 16 = adhyperforin. Reprinted with permission from M. Brolis eta. [ ].

Flavonoids Leaves, stalk, buds Quercetin, hyperoside, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, 13, 118 biapigenin... 

Figure 3 Structures of (A) hypericin (B) pseudohypericin (C) hyperforin (D) flavo-noids (R=H quercetin R=a-L-rhamnosyl quercitrine R=P-D-glucosyl isoquerci-trine R=P-D-galactosyl hyperoside R=P-D-rutinosyl rutin R=P-o-glucuronide miquelianin) and (E) procyandin B2.

Campanula glomerata L. f. canescens (Maxim.) Kitag. C. glomerata L. var. dahurica Fisch. ex Ker-Gawl. C. punctata Lam. Feng Lin Cao (whole plant) Quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, hyperoside, isoquercetin, trifolin, chlorogenic acid, methyl caffeate, coumaroylquinic acid.48 For throat infection, headache... 

Hibiscus mutabilis L. Fu Rong Yie (Cotton rose) (leaf, flower) Isoquercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin-4-glucoside, quercetin, quercimeritrin.50 Applied to swellings, bums, ulcers. Internally lung ailments, cough, dysuria, menorrhagia. 

Persicaria amphibia (L.) S. F. Gray Liang Xi Liao (whole plant) Hyperoside, avicularin, quercetin, kaempferol, quercimeritrin, luteolin-7-glucoside.48 Treat diarrhea. 

The flavonoids quercetin, hyperoside and isoquercetin, present in the ethanolic extract of Drosera madagascariensis, are inducers of spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory effects in guinea-pig ileum by affecting cholinergic M3 and histamine HI receptors [183]. 

The active ingredients for hypericum include cyclopseudohypericin, hypericin, hyperforin, isohypericin, protohypericin, and pseudohypericin. Other active ingredients include the following flavonoids hyperin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, and the following biflavonoids amentoflavone and 13,118-biapigenin. Although the flavonoids, the essential oils, and the phenolic acids are common plant constituents, the hypericins,... 

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