Hyperlipidemia pathophysiology

Talbert RL. Hyperlipidemia. In DiPiro JT, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach. 5th ed. New York McGraw-Hill 2002. 

The PPARs constitute a family of three nuclear receptors that have important roles in physiological lipid and glucose metabolism. Converse, dysregulation of the PPARs has been associated with pathophysiological conditions such as hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and coronary artery disease. There are three PPAR isoforms -PPARa, PPARy and PPARS (also termed PPARP). All PPARs are expressed in cardiovascular tissues and in addition to their known metabolic actions they exhibit distinct functions. While the expression of PPARa and PPARP/8 is surprisingly high in the heart, PPARy expression is very low and does not appear to play an important role in the heart. Since Chapter 11 in this book is dedicated to the well-established role of the PPARs in metabolic diseases, we will focus in this chapter on the role of P PA Ra in cardiac diseases. 

The methanolic extracts of different parts of W. somnifera exhibit therapeutic potential against various types of cardiovascular problems and are also effective against hyperlipidemia, obesity [56], aging, and copper-induced pathophysiological conditions [57]. This plant is reputed to promote vitality during recovery from chronic illnesses [58] and is also useful for the pain management in arthritic conditions [59]. 

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