Hypericum androsaemum

Abd El-Mawla, A.M. and Beerhues, L., Benzoic acid biosynthesis in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum. Planta, 214, 727, 2002. 

BPS catalyzes the formation of 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone (5), i.e. the C 3 skeleton of benzophenones and xanthones (Figure 1). Subsequent 3 -hydroxylation to give 2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone is catalyzed by a cytochrome P4S0 monooxygenase (d) that was detected in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum (Clusiaceae). 

Bromheadia finlaysoniana CHS Ulium hybrid cv. Acapulco CHS Chrysosplenium americanum CHS ntis vinifera CHS Antirrhinum majus CHS Scutellaria baicatensis CHS Ipomoea nil CHS 0 Petunia hybrida CHS 0 Medicago sativa CHS2 Glycine max CHS Humulus lupulus CHS Hydrangea macrophylla CHS Camellia sinensis CHS Hypericum androsaemum CHS Sorbus aucuparia CHS Rubus idaeus CHS PInus sylvestris... 

Pinselic acid (293) and related compounds, isolated from Penicillium amarum, have been synthesized from 3,6-dimethoxyphthalic anhydride and the lithium derivative (291) via the ketone (292). A number of the chlorinated xanthones found in lichens have been synthesized and their structures verified, using n.m.r. The roots of Hypericum androsaemum contain several xanthones, two of which [(294) and (295)] have an oxygenation pattern not previously known... 

A detailed investigation on the presence of hypericin in different species of Hypericum has been carried out by Mathis and Ourisson [43], They have shown that the active compound is especially present in the Euhypericum (including H. perforatum) and Campylosporus sections. Nevertheless, hypericin is rare in the sections Thasium, Norysca, Androsaemum and Humifusoideum, Fig. (4). Those data have been partially confirmed by a later work of Kitanov [44],... 

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