3- Hydroxypropionic acid using glycerol

The specificity of the enzyme for the diastereotopic hydrogen atoms at the C-l of glycerol was also determined using (1 / , 2 / )-[ 1 -2 H, ]glycerol as a substrate (see Chapter 3 for the method of preparation). Again, in spite of an isotope effect deuterium migration was observed exclusively to furnish, after chemical oxidation, ( + )-(S)-3-[2-2H,]hydroxypropionic acid (Fig. 13). 

Kumar V, Sankaranarayanan M, Jae KE, Durgapal M, Ashok S, Ko Y, Sarkar R, Park S. (2012). Co-production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using resting cells of recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B strain overexpressing aldehyde dehydrogenase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 96,373-383. 

Raj SM, Rathnasingh C, Jung WC, Park SH. (2009). Effect of process parameters on 3-hydroxypropionic acid production from glycerol using a recombinant Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 84, 649-657. 

Acrylic acid is an important chemical building block used in the manufacture of polyacrylates and commodity acrylates. Commodity acrylates, such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, are utilized in various industrial applications, including coatings, adhesives and sealants, textiles and fibers, polymer additives/impact modifiers, and films. Polyacrylates are extensively used as super absorbent polymers. Bio-based acrylic acid can be obtained through the fermentation of carbohydrates to 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HPA), and further dehydration of 3-HPA gives acrylic acid. 3-HPA could also be used as a precursor to other important chemical building blocks, such as PDO, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide. Via another route, glycerol can be chemically converted to acrylic acid, either by dehydration to acrolein followed by oxidation to the final product or in a one-step oxydehydration. 

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