Hydroxylamine nitrate conditions

The mixture of uranium and plutonium is treated with a suitable reducing agent [iron(ii) sulfamate, hydrazine, or hydroxylamine nitrate] under these conditions, is not reduced and stays in the kerosene layer, but Pu is reduced to Pu +, which is only weakly complexed by TBP and so migrates into the aqueous phase. 

Hydroxylamine salts were found to be good reductants of plutonium, under certain conditions ( 5). Interest in these reducing agents stemmed from the desire to avoid the introduction of metallic cations in the separated plutonium product. Hydroxylamine sulfate was used on a large scale at the Savannah River Plant (j>). While partitioning was satisfactory, the objectionable presence of sulfate ions led to the adoption of hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN). The reaction mechanism and kinetics of the HAN reduction of plutonium have been studied extensively The... 

Metal compounds containing both coordinated ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine or similar nitrogenous donors, and coordinated or ionic perchlorate, chlorate, nitrate, nitrite, nitro, permanganate or other oxidising groups will decompose violently under various conditions of impact, friction or heat [1,2]. From tabulated data for 17 such compounds of Co and Cr, it is considered that oxygenated A-coordinated compounds, (particularly those which are oxygen balanced) cover... 

In the oxidation of hydroxylamine by silver salts and mercurous salts, the nature of the reaction product apparently depends upon the extent to which catalysis participates in the total reaction. This is illustrated by some results obtained with mercurous nitrate as oxidizing agent. The reaction is strongly catalyzed by colloidal silver, and is likewise catalyzed by mercury. The reaction of 0.005 M mercurous nitrate with 0.04 M hydroxylamine at pH 4.85 proceeds rapidly without induction period. The mercury formed collects at the bottom of the vessel in the form of globules when no protective colloid is present, so the surface available for catalysis is small. Under these conditions the yield is largely nitrous oxide. Addition of colloidal silver accelerates the reaction and increases the yield of nitrogen. Some data are given in Table III. 

Hydroxylamine is prepared by reduction of nitrates or nitrites either elec-trolytically or with S02, under very closely controlled conditions. It is also made, in 70% yield, by H2 reduction of N02 in HC1 solution with platinized active charcoal as catalyst. Free hydroxylamine is a white solid (m.p. 33°) which must be kept at 0°C to avoid decomposition. It is normally encountered as an aqueous solution and as salts, e.g., [NH3OH]Cl, [NH30H]N03 and [NH30H]2S04, which are stable, water-soluble, white solids. Although... 

N2O is a reduced gas which is produced in the ocean primarily by microbial nitrification and denitrification. N2O is released during ammonium (NH4) oxidation to nitrite (NO2) (Figure 1), although the exact mechanism has yet to be confirmed. N2O may be an intermediate of nitrification, or a byproduct of the decomposition of other intermediates, such as nitrite or hydroxylamine. Nitrification is an aerobic process, and the N2O yield under oxic conditions is low. However, as the nitrification rate decreases under low oxygen, the relative yield of N2O to nitrate production increases and reaches a maximum at 10-20 (imol dm oxygen (pmol = 1 x 10 mol). Conversely, denitrification is an anaerobic process in which soluble oxidized nitrogen... 

Nitrates have been prepared under mild conditions from chloroformates Hydroxylamines can be obtained conveniently from oximes with diborane... 

Silver colloids are prepared by the method, as is recently reported by Leopold and Lendl. Here silver nitrate is reduced by hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The advantages of the hydroxylamine hydrochloride-reduced silver colloid are in its fast preparation at room tenperature and its immediate applicability for SERS. First, 5mL of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.0 x 10 M) is dissolved in 84 mL of triply distillated water and then 1 mL of sodium hydroxide (1.7 x 10 M) is added to maintain an alkaline pH condition. Next, 10 mL of silver nitrate solution (1.0 X 10 M) is added dropwise to the solution with continuous stirring. The solution is continuously stirred for additional 20 min. UV/Vis spectroscopy and TEM were used to characterize the particle size of produced colloids. Figure 1 shows the TEM, AFM images and UV/Vis absorption and Raman spectra of SERS-active colloidal nanoparticles. 

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