Hydrolysis of oligosaccharides

Pedin lyase Hydrolysis of oligosaccharides formed by pectate lyase. 

Brush-border surface hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and disaccharides (e.g., sucrose, lactose, and trehalose) to their monomers by specific oligosaccharidases that are integral to the cell membrane of the enterocyte and... 

This explanation also applies to the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (see Section V p. 85). A case in point is the tetrasac-charide (16). Bond A is hydrolyzed preferentially over bond B, even when the 4-0-methyl-D-glucuronic acid residue is reduced to 4-0-methyl-D-... 

Prior to analysis by LC, carbohydrates can be extracted from food with water at a low temperature (to avoid risk of hydrolysis of oligosaccharides). After extraction, the crude aqueous extract should be cleaned up, usually by adding a volume of an organic solvent such as acetonitrile or by using a solid-phase cartridge. 

The hydrolysis of oligosaccharides to monosaccharides and of small peptides to amino acids is brought about by enzymes associated with the intestinal villi. Only a small proportion of hydrolysis occurs intraluminally and arises from enzymes present in aged cells discarded from the intestinal mucosa. Most of the enzymatic hydrolysis occurs at the luminal surface of the epithelial cells, although some peptides are absorbed by the cells before being broken down by enzymes present in the cytoplasm. 

As shown in Table I (54), there is considerable difference in the ease of hydrolysis of oligosaccharides sucrose, with its fructofuranose ring, is particularly labile. The ease of hydrolysis of the sucrose linkage in comparison with that of the glycopyranosides makes it possible to hydrolyze preferentially the sucrose linkage in trisaccharides with the formation of a resistant disaccharide. Thus, turanose, a disaccharide, is prepared by the partial hydrolysis of the parent trisaccharide melezitose. 

A new cation exchange resin, obtained by grafting sulphonic acid groups onto porous silica, has been shown to possess catalytic activity comparable to that of polystyrene sulphonic acid for the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides. 

VUcocq L, Castilho PC, Carvalheiro F, Duarte LC. Hydrolysis of oligosaccharides over solid acid catalysts a review. ChemSusChem 2014 7 1010-9. 

The hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and glycosides proceeds as shown by the following example ... 

Goldberg RN, Bella D, Tewari YB, McLaughlin MA (1991) Thermodynamics of hydrolysis of oligosaccharides. Biophys Chem 40 69-76 Hamann SD, Strauss W (1955) The chemical effects of pressure. Part 3. Ionization constants at pressures up to 1200 atm. Trans Faraday Soc 51 1684-1690 Hanor JS, Workman AL (1986) Distribution of dissolved volatile fatty acids in some Louisiana oil field brines. Appl Geochem 1 37-46 Harned HS, Ehlers RW (1933) The dissociation constant of acetic acid from 0 to 60° centigrade. J Am Chem Soc 55 652-656... 

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