Hydrogen supercritical fluid

Jessop, P.G. Stanley, R.R. Brown, R.A. Eckert, C.A. Liotta, C.L. Ngo, T.T. Pollet, P. Neoteric solvents for asymmetric hydrogenation supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, and expanded ionic liquids. Green Chem. 2003, 5 (2), 123-128. 

Various equations of state have been developed to treat association ia supercritical fluids. Two of the most often used are the statistical association fluid theory (SAET) (60,61) and the lattice fluid hydrogen bonding model (LEHB) (62). These models iaclude parameters that describe the enthalpy and entropy of association. The most detailed description of association ia supercritical water has been obtained usiag molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo computer simulations (63), but this requires much larger amounts of computer time (64—66). 

Keywords Asymmetric Hydrogenation m Carbon Dioxide m Carbonylation m Dimethylformamide Enantioselectivity m Formic Acid m Homogeneous Hydrogenation n Palladium Catalysts Radical Reactions m Ruthenium Catalysts m Supercritical Fluids m Solvent Replacement... 

P. G. Jessop, Y. Hsiao, T. Ikariya, R. Noyori, Homogeneous Catalysis in Supercritical Fluids Hydrogenation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid, Alkyl Formates, and Formamides ,J. Am Chem Soc 1996,118, 344-355. 

Supercritical fluids allow the formation of species that cannot be made in conventional solvents. For example, rj2-H2 complexes have been generated by direct reaction of hydrogen with a transition metal carbonyl complex [10]. In order to isolate these compounds, a continuous flow reactor was used and such compounds could be isolated with surprising ease. 

Plots for yield of hydrogen from supercritical fluid (water) extraction, pyrolysis gasification (water/solid = 2) of beech wood at different temperatures... 

There are an increasing number of applications of high pressure NMR in supercritical fluids to homogeneous catalysis [266]. Using their toroidal pressure probe, Rathke and coworkers [249, 267-269] have extensively studied the Co2(CO)g-cata-lyzed hydroformylation of olefins in scCOj (Eq. (14)). The hydrogenation of Co2(CO)g (Eq. (15)) is a key step in this reaction. 

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