Hydrogen production from hydrocarbon

Alexeeva OK, Alexeev S.Yu., Shapir B.L., Tulskii M.N. Modified tubular catalytic membrane reactor for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons. Eds. M.D. Hampton et al. Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides, 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers, NATO Science Series 11/71, 339-347. 

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM HYDROCARBONS BY USING OXYGEN PERMEABLE MEMBRANES... 

PM Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons by using Oxygen Permeable Membranes ... 

Currently, the application of adsorption-based processes to reaction systems are of considerable interest. Hydrogen production from hydrocarbons and dehydrogenation are important industrial reactions, for example, the catalytic steam-methane reactor (SMR) ... 

In the past, there was no need for small-scale (< 1 MW) distributed hydrogen production from hydrocarbons where such reactors would likely be first employed. In any case, unsupported palladium membranes have required too much expensive metal to be economically feasible for all but special purposes. The potential availability of cost effective, high hydrogen permeance, palladium membranes supported on porous, stainless steel, tubular substrates combined with the advent of stable, high volumetric activity WGS catalysts is the driving force behind the system modeling... 

It is noteworthy that in the reference test less than 60% of the hydrogen content of the biomass is to be found in the product gas as Hj, whereas in tests with the catalytic candle this value greatly exceeds 100% as a result of hydrogen production from hydrocarbon reforming reactions with steam. A clear indication of the outstanding reforming activity of the catalytic candle may be obtained by comparing the experimental values of steam conversion in each test with its theoretical maximum, obtained on the basis of thermodynamic equilibrium under test conditions - which implies complete conversion of the hydrocarbons and char, with concentrations of CO, CO2, H2 and steam fixed by the equilibrium condition... 

Small-scale reformers for on-site hydrogen supply To develop technologies for on-site hydrogen production from hydrocarbons (fossil and renewables) 2006-2009... 

Springmaim, S., Friedrich, G Himmen, M Sommer, M. and Eigenberger, G. (2002) Isothermal kinetic measurements for hydrogen production from hydrocarbon fuels using a novel kinetic reactor concept Appl. Catal. A, 235, 101-111. 

Figure 11.1 illustrates how the catalyst and the membrane unit can be combined in various ways. According to Miachon and Dalmon (2004), general overall analysis is almost impossible for classifying the combination of a catalyst and a membrane as there are so many various possibilities. The MR with a catalyst can be either a (catalytic) packed-bed membrane reactor ((C)PBMR), a (catalytic) fluidised-bed membrane reactor ((QFBMR) (where the catalyst is part of the set-up inside the free space reactor), or a catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) (where the catalytic material is part of the membrane-based wall) (Dudukovic, 1999 GaUucci et al, 2011). This chapter mainly concentrates on the catalytic materials used for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons and alcohols in MRs. 

Membrane reactors can be used in many industrial reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation and reforming. Nowadays, mainly commercial catalysts are introduced in MRs to improve the desired reactions such as hydrogen production from hydrocarbons and alcohols. For example, a typical reactor for the reforming of hydrocarbons is a tubular FBR. A promising... 

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