Hydrogen-deuterium exchange applications

Deuteriums in the enolizable positions of a,/3-unsaturated keto substrates are unaffected during the course of the reduction. This extends the applicability of this procedure to the preparation of y-labeled ketones by subjecting the substrates to hydrogen-deuterium exchange (section ll-C) prior to reduction. This technique has been utilized for the preparation of the y-labeled ketones (156), (157) and (158). " The deuteriums in the a-positions of these ketones are back exchanged (section 11-B) after the reduction. 

Hamuro Y, Coales S.J., Morrow J., Griffin P.R., Southern M.R., Weber P.C. Application of hydrogen/ deuterium-exchange to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Am. Biotechnol. Lab. (in press). 

We have also seen that new experimental work on the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction has eliminated some previous discrepancies and has further confirmed the applicability of the activated state method. In the meantime, many theoretical attempts have been made to evaluate the influence of the nonequilibrium hypothesis on which that method is based. It is encouraging to see the generally optimistic results of these efforts, and we may conclude that we can now use with more confidence the familiar expressions of the rate processes. 

Infrared spectroscopy has been used advantageously in studies of enzymatic reactions. Chapter 11 contains a discussion of the application of the infrared method of studying hydrogen-deuterium exchange in various enzyme molecules, and the application of this method for studying the effects of substrates and of inhibitor substances on the conformations of the enzymes. 

Wei, H., Mo, J., Tao, L., et al. (2014) Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry for Probing Higher Order Structure of Protein Therapeutics Methodology and Applications. Drug Discovery Today, 19(1), 95-102. 

Balza F, Cyr N, Hamer G K, Perkin A S, Koch H J, Stuart R S 1977 Applications of catalytic, hydrogen-deuterium exchange in C-NMR spectroscopy. Carbohyd Res 59 C7-C11... 

Hydrogen has two stable isotopes, protium and deuterium. According to the lUPAC classification, deuterium is denoted as or D. The natural abundance of deuterium is very low, about 156 ppm, and restricts the large-scale application of deuterium-exchanged compounds. However, deuterium-exchanged compounds are very useful and often easily obtainable model molecules for various investigations. 

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