Hydrogen cyanide microwave

Legon A 0, Millen D J and Mjdberg P J 1977 The hydrogen cyanide dimer identification and structure from microwave spectroscopy Chem. Phys. Lett. 47 589... 

In the past 10 years a large number of organic molecules have been found in interstellar dust clouds mostly by emission lines in the microwave region of the spectrum (for a summary see Ref. 38). The concentration of these molecules is very low (a few molecules per cm3 at the most) but the total amount in a dust cloud is large. The molecules found include formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, acetaldehyde, and cyanoacetylene. These are important prebiotic molecules, and this immediately raises the question of whether the interstellar molecules played a role in the origin of life on the earth. In order for this to have taken place it would have been necessary for the molecules to have been greatly concentrated in... 

Figure 18 Yields of hydrogen cyanide in catalytic and noncatalytic microwave-heated reactors. (From Ref. 23.)...

Wan, J. K. S., Koch, T. A., Application of microwave radiation for the synthesis of hydrogen cyanide, in Burka, M. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Microwave Induced Reactions Workshop, Vol. A-3-1, EPRI,... 

Kukolich, S.G., Read, W.G., and Aldrich, P.D. (1983) Microwave spectrum, structure and quadrupole coupling for the ethylene-hydrogen cyanide complex./. Chem. Phys., 78, 3552-3 556. 

Hydrogen cyanide is also produced in the plasma reactions of ammonia with methane and with benzene >. Bundles of Ni inserted in a microwave discharge in mixtures of benzene and ammonia at a pressure of 40 mbar lowered the total conversion of benzene, but it had little effect on the conversion of ammonia. The nickel also altered the distribution of reactant products the formation of aniline was enhanced but the formation of HCN and C2H2 were reduced. 

Total cyanide determination requires appropriate destructive procedures to be implemented in order to decompose the sample matrix and liberate hydrogen cyanide. To this end, alternative approaches have been applied, e.g. microwave-assisted digestion [34] and photodissociation [35-37]. 

The acetylene-hydrogen cyanide complex is of particular interest in view of the fact that the C-H stretches of both monomers can be probed using the F-center laser. Earlier microwave studies of this system showed the existence of a T-shaped isomer S shown in Figure 3, in which the acetylene acts as the proton acceptor. During our infrared investigation of this species, a linear isomer was also found in which the acetylene now acts as the acid. By studying the two C-H stretch vibrational modes of these two isomers it is possible to learn a great deal about the anisotropy of the vibrational... 

HCN Hydrogen cyanide is the nitrile prototype. The simple linear molecular structure and well separated vibrational frequencies have made it an ideal candidate for high resolution spectroscopic studies, particularly in the microwave and infrared regions. Intensive investigations, particularly of isotopically substituted species, have yielded very precise sets of vibration-rotation constants for the electronic ground state. This work was critically reviewed for the triatomic cyanides by Chadwick and Edwards in 1973. Since that time the state-of-the-art has been subject to major advances which are reflected in further refinements of the spectroscopic data base. 

Reeve, S.W., Bums, WA., Lovas, F.J. etal. (1993) Microwave spectra and structure of hydrogen cyanide-boron trifluoride an almost weakly bound complex. J. Phys. Chem., 97, 10630-10637. 

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