Hydroformylation catalysts soluble phosphinated organometallic

Enhanced catalytic activity has also been observed for the hydroformylation of oct-l-ene and dec-l-ene with water-soluble phosphine-caltK[4]arene—rhodium complexes (Figure 32). " These organometallic compounds behave, not only as homogeneous metal catalysts but also as inverse phase-transfer catalysts, that is, they perform a dual functional catalysis. The olefin is believed to be included in the hydrophobic cavity and to simultaneously interact with a catalytic transition metal center coordinated to the phosphine moieties. 

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