Hydrated bismuth oxide

Only chromium (III) co-precipitates quantitatively with hydrated iron (III) oxide at the pH of seawater, around 8. In order to collect chromium (VI) directly without pre-treatment, e.g., reduction to chromium (III), hydrated bismuth oxide, which forms an insoluble compound with chromium (VI) was used. Chromium (III) is collected with hydrated bismuth oxide (50 mg per 400 ml seawater). Chromium (VI) in seawater is collected at about pH 4 and chromium (VI) is collected below pH 10. Thus both chromium (III) and chromium (VI) are collected quantitatively at the pH of seawater, i.e., around 8. 

Synonyms bismuth hydrate hydrated bismuth oxide. 

Bismuth trioxide may be prepared by the following methods (/) the oxidation of bismuth metal by oxygen at temperatures between 750 and 800°C (2) the thermal decomposition of compounds such as the basic carbonate, the carbonate, or the nitrate (700—800°C) (J) precipitation of hydrated bismuth trioxide upon addition of an alkah metal hydroxide to a solution of a bismuth salt and removal of the water by ignition. The gelatinous precipitate initially formed becomes crystalline on standing it has been represented by the formula Bi(OH)2 and called bismuth hydroxide [10361 -43-0]. However, no definite compound has been isolated. 

Perhaps the most reactive compound of the group is BiFs- It reacts extremely vigorously with H2O to form O3, OF2 and a voluminous brown precipitate which is probably a hydrated bismuth(V) oxide fluoride. At room temperature BiFs reacts vigorously with iodine or sulfur above 50° it converts paraffin oil to fluorocarbons at 150° it fluorinates UF4 to UF and at 180° it converts Brs to BrFs and BrFs, and CI2 to CIF. 

These workers studied the co-precipitation behaviours of chromium species with hydrated iron (III) and bismuth oxides. 

An appropriate amount of hydrated iron (III) or bismuth oxide was added the oxide precipitates were prepared separately and washed thoroughly with distilled water before use [43]. After about 24 h, the samples were filtered on 0.4 jtm Nuclepore filters. The separated precipitates were dissolved with hydrochloric acid and the solutions obtained were used for /-activity measurements. In the examination of solvent extraction, chromium was measured by using 51Cr, while iron and bismuth were measured by electrothermal AAS (EAAS). The decomposition of organic complexes and other procedures were also examined by EAAS. 

Collection of Chromium (III) and Chromium (VI) with Hydrated Iron (III) or Bismuth Oxide... 

The ylides and imides are present as monomers, and the bismuth center adopts a distorted tetrahedral geometry. In contrast, the structural properties of the bismuth oxides vary widely depending on the aryl ligands attached to the bismuth center the oxides exist as hydrates, dimers, or polymers in solution and in the solid state. X-ray structural analysis of an oxide dimer revealed that the bismuth center has a distorted, trigonal bipyramidal geometry with the two oxygen atoms at the apical and equatorial positions [47, 48]. 

The names, baeic salts, suftsslts, and oxysalts have been applied indifferently to salts, such as the lead subacetates, which are compounds containing the normal acetate and the hydrate or oxide of lead and to alts such as the so-called bismuth sttbuitrate, which is a nitrate, not of bismuth, but of the univalent radical... 

By balling blsmuthous hydrate in solution of potassic hydrate, whereby it is converted into bismuthous oxide with loss of water. 

Q. Li, N.J. Coleman, Early hydration chemistry of white Portland cement in the presence of bismuth oxide, Adv. Appl. Ceram. 112 (2013) 207-212. 

Silica, amorphous hydrated catalyst blocker, platinum silicones Methyl butynol catalyst component Bismuth oxide... 

Bismite is a yellow bismuth oxide mineral with formal chemical composition 3/203. However, it is commonly impure and often hydrated (such that some sources give it as an oxide hydrate, Bi203.3H20). Named after its composition, bismite occurs as a weakly coherent powdery mass with a dull earthy lustre and is often known as bismuth ochre. It occurs primarily as an oxidation... 

Only one halide - the white bismuth chloride oxide q.v) - appears to have been used significantly as a pigment. However, Salter (1869) describes a purple compound (bismuth purple) prepared by passing chlorine through a bismuth oxide hydrate suspension in aqueous potash the precise composition is unknown. 

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