Hybrid protein-semiconductor

The utility of this protein in hybrid protein-semiconductor devices derives added value from the sensitivity of the protein to external molecular stimuh. - Thus, it is possible to use the photocycle kinetics or photovoltaic responsivity > > to monitor the concentration of volatile species. Most of the work to date concentrated on anesthetics, but these and other studies indicate that many organic compounds will directly bind to BR and alter the photophysical properties. > > It can be concluded that the complexity of the photovoltaic signal and the sensitivity of this signal to external media combine to make BR a strong candidate for the design of hybrid protein-semiconductor sensors. 

Density functional theory is a successful approach for the description of ground-state properties of metals, semiconductors, and insulators. It also has become an attractive method to calculate complex materials, such as proteins and carbon nanotubes. For example, DFT calculation has been used to compute anion-binding properties of 2,6-diamidopyridine dipyrromethane hybrid macrocycles (18), to predict drug resistance of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase to nevirapine through point mutations (19), and to analyze the 32-adrenergic G protein-coupled receptor (20). A free DFT software program also is available... 

Similarly, semiconductor QDs were integrated with proteins, such that the hybrid systems would permit the real-time analysis of catalytic transformations stimulated by the proteins [102, 192-194]. For example, the hydrolytic functions of a series of proteolytic enzymes were followed by the application of QD reporter units, using the FRET process as a readout mechanism. In this case, the QlSe QDs were modified with peptide sequences that were specific for different proteases, where the quencher units were tethered to the peptide termini. Within the QDs/fluorophore-modified hybrid assembly, the fluorescence of the QDs was quenched. Subsequent hydrolytic... 

Wang, F., Liu, X., WiUner, . (2012). Integration ofphotoswitchable proteins, photosyntheticreaction centers and semiconductor/biomolecule hybrids with electrode supports for optohioelectronic applications. Advanced Materials, 25, 349-377. http //dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201201772. 

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