Hyaluronate Lyases

Hyaluronate lyase purified from Streptomyces hyalurolyticus has been used to provide a specific assay for hyaluronic acid, its action resulting in the generation of 8-D-gluco-4-ene-pyranosyluronic acid groups. The assay is based on the long established periodate oxidation of such groups to inter alia j3-formylpyruvic acid which specifically gives a chromophore with thiobarbituric acid. 

A hyaluronate lyase from group A Streptococci has been purified (1000-fold) by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration two fractions with identical amino-acid compositions were obtained. The enzyme was inhibited by A-(toIuene-/7-sulphonyl)phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone and iV-(toluene-p-sulphonyl)lysine, and did not depolymerize hyaluronic acid methyl ester. Photo-oxidation in the presence of Methylene Blue inactivated the enzyme, whose action probably involves the transfer of a proton between a histidyl residue of the enzyme and a carboxy-group of the substrate. 

Investigations of a streptococcal, bacteriophage-borne enzyme that de-polymerizes hyaluronic acid have shown that it is a hyaluronate lyase.  

The synthesis of hyaluronate lyase by a group A Streptococcus type 4 was enhanced by an infusion of trypsinized veal in the presence of oligosaccharides derived from hyaluronic acid. The purified enzyme (mol. wt. 5—7 x 10, pH optimum 6.0) gave a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of 

Yamamoto, and S. Murao, Agric. and BioL Chem. JapanX 1976, 40, 27, 

---

HUGHES-INGOLD THEORY EOR SOLVENT EEEECTS ON REACTIVITY HUMMEL-DREYER TECHNIQUE HYALURONATE LYASE HYALURONIDASES HYBRIDIZATION HYDRATION ATMOSPHERE HYDRATION NUMBER Hydrazone reduction,... 

D. H. Lea back and P. G. Walker. The mode of action and possible biological roles of bacterial hyaluronate lyase, Biochem. Soc. Trans. 1 949 (1973). 

C. Abramson. Staphylococcal hyaluronate lyase multiple electrophoretic and chromatographic forms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 727 103 (1967). 

O. Vesterberg. Studies on extracellular proteins from Staphylococcus aureus. III. Investigations on the heterogeneity of hyaluronate lyase using the method of isoelectric focusing. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 765 218 (1968). 

Kuehn AV, Ozegowski J-H, Peschel G, Neubert RHH. Complementary exploration of the action pattern of hyaluronate lyase from Streptococcus agalactiae using capillary electrophoresis, gel-permeation chromatography and viscosimetric measurements. Carbohydr Res 2004 339 2541-2547. 

Maccari F, Tripodi F, Volpi N. High-performance capillary electrophoresis separation of hyaluronan ohgosaccharides produced by Streptomyces hyalur-olyticus hyaluronate lyase. Carbohydr Polym 2004 56 55-63. 

Effect of Streptomyces hyaluronidase. The effects of some depolymerizing enzymes on the viscoelastic properties of proteoglycan were examined. The first example was that of Streptomyces hyaluronidase (hyaluronate lyase, EC 4.2.2.1.), which is shown as strictly specific to hyaluronic acid (j6). Thus this enzyme can degrade only the hyaluronic acid backbone of aggregate and should not attack the proteoglycan monomer. To 0.1% solution of aggregate 0.05TRU of Streptomyces hyaluronidase was added. As... 

Glycopeptide-linkage hydrolases a-L-Guluronan lyase Heparin hydrolase Hyaluronate lyase Hyaluronidase L-Iduronic acid 2-sulphate sulphatase a-L-Iduronidase Inulinase Isoamylase Isopullulanase a-Lactalbumin Lactose synthase... 

Lyases are effective enzymes for the degradation of polysaccharides. Examples are pectin lyase, pectate lyase, xanthan lyase, alginate lyase, hyaluronate lyase, and heparin lyase. BioPreparation , which was developed by NOVOZYIVIES A/S for the removal of polymeric materials from the cotton surface, contains the pectate lyase (5). 

Puhvel SM and Reisner RM (1972) The production of hyaluronidase (hyaluronate lyase) by Corynebacterium acnes. J Invest Dermatol 58 66-70 Pulverer G and Ko HL (1973) Fermentative and serological studies on Propionibacterium acnes. Appl Microbiol 25 222-229... 

---