Human physiological response

ISO EN 9886 presents the principles, methods, and interpretation of measurements of relevant human physiological responses to hot, moderate, and cold environments. The standard can be used independently or to complement other standards. Four physiological measures are considered body core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, and body mass loss. Comments are also provided on the technical requirements, relevance, convenience, annoyance to the subject, and cost of each of the physiological measurements. The use of ISO 9886 is mainly for extreme cases, where individuals are exposed to severe environments, or in laboratory investigations into the influence of the thermal environment on humans. 

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF PHOSGENE [40,531,936,1787]... 

Ferguson WS, Koch WC, Webster LB, et al. 1977. Human physiological response and adaption to ammonia. J Occup Med 19 319-326. 

Table 11.3 Human physiological response to various concentrations of HCN In air...

Response characteristics of chemical detection and warning devices must be related to human physiological response characteristics, i.e., the dose or amount of toxic chemicals that would be ingested by an individual. Doses of materials ingested by people through exposure to airborne chemicals is usually reported in terms of a concentration (e.g., mg/m ) and the total time of the exposure (minutes) [1]. Most analytical instrument... 

Hand-Held Instruments, The utility of a hand-held analytical instrument should be an ability to respond quickly to physiologically important concentrations of toxic chemicals. A greater degree of uncertainty in response can be tolerated although this uncertainty must be minimized. The safety of Treaty Inspectors is a basic application where hand-held analytical instruments can be of benefit. It must be re-emphasized that the response characteristics of a device used to warn an inspector of potential chemical hazards must be directly related to human physiological response characteristics. 

Table 3 indicates human physiological response to various concentrations of ammonia in air. Individuals differ in their sensitivity to ammonia, some persons being highly reactive to relatively low concentrations and others show-... 

As we have seen in this chapter steroids have a number of functions in human physiology Cholesterol is a component part of cell mem branes and is found in large amounts in the brain Derivatives of cholic acid assist the digestion of fats in the small intestine Cortisone and its derivatives are involved in maintaining the electrolyte balance in body fluids The sex hormones responsible for mascu line and feminine characteristics as well as numerous aspects of pregnancy from conception to birth are steroids... 

Gagge, A. R, Stolwijk, j., and Nishi, Y. (1971). An effective temperature scale based on a simple model of human physiological regulatory response. ASHRAE Trans, 77(1), 247-262. 

Sevarino KA, Oliveto A, Kosten TR Neurobiological adaptations to psychostimulants and opiates as a basis of treatment development. Ann N Y Acad Sci 909 51 —87,2000 Silberman EK, Reus VI, Jimerson DC, et al Heterogeneity of amphetamine response in depressed patients. AmJ Psychiatry 138 1302—1307, 1981 Sofuoglu M, Brown S, Babb DA, et al Depressive symptoms modulate the subjective and physiological response to cocaine in humans. Drug Alcohol Depend 63 131-137, 2001... 

The amygdala is perhaps the best-studied, and most strongly implicated, brain structure in anxiety and fear. Electrical stimulation of the amygdala produces fear-like behavioral and physiological responses in animals, and increases the suggestive experience of fear in human subjects. Additionally, amygdala stimulation leads to corticosterone secretion and HPA-axis activation in animals, probably via outputs to the hypothalamus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. It has been suggested... 

Humans exposed to isobutane at concentrations of 250, 500, or 1000 ppm for periods of 1 minute to 8 hours did not exhibit any untoward physiological responses as determined by continuous ECG telemetry, spirometric measures, blood count, urinalysis, and a battery of cognitive tests. Repetitive exposures at 500 ppm for up to 8 hours/day for 10 days also were without any measurable untoward effect. 

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