Hquid ammonia physical properties

Some of the physical properties of fatty acid nitriles are Hsted in Table 14 (see also Carboxylic acids). Eatty acid nitriles are produced as intermediates for a large variety of amines and amides. Estimated U.S. production capacity (1980) was >140, 000 t/yr. Eatty acid nitriles are produced from the corresponding acids by a catalytic reaction with ammonia in the Hquid phase. They have Httie use other than as intermediates but could have some utility as surfactants (qv), mst inhibitors, and plastici2ers (qv). 

Ethyleneimine (El) and its two most important derivatives, 2-methyla2iridine [75-55-8] (propyleneimine) (PI) and l-(2-hydroxyethyl)a2iridine [1072-52-2] (HEA) are colodess Hquids. They are miscible ia all proportions with water and the majority of organic solvents. Ethyleneimine is not miscible with concentrated aqueous NaOH solutions (>17% by weight) (24). Ethyleneimine has an odor similar to ammonia and is detectable only at concentrations >2 ppm. The physical properties of ethyleneimine and the derivatives mentioned are given ia Table 1. Thermodynamic data can be found ia the Hterature (32). 

Pyrrole is a colorless, slightly hygroscopic Hquid which, if fresh, emits an odor like that of chloroform. However, it darkens on exposure to air and eventually produces a dark brown resin. It can be preserved by excluding air from the storage container, preferably by displacement with ammonia to prevent acid-catalyzed polymerization. A review of the physical and theoretical aspects of pyrrole is found in Reference 4. Some physical properties of pyrrole are Hsted in Table 1. 

Physical Properties. Ammonium thiocyanate [1762-95-4] NH SCN, is a hygroscopic crystalline soHd which deHquesces at high humidities (375,376). It melts at 149°C with partial isomerization to thiourea. It is soluble in water to the extent of 65 wt % at 25°C and 77 wt % at 60°C. It is also soluble to 35 wt % in methanol and 20 wt % in ethanol at 25°C. It is highly soluble in Hquid ammonia and Hquid sulfur dioxide, and moderately soluble in acetonitrile. 

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