Hourly liquid

A vapor phase process for deparaffmization of light gas oils performed by the BP works in this way The gas oil, boiling range 230-320°C, is passed over a 5-A molecular sieve at 320°C and a pressure of 3.6 bar. The space velocity is 0.63 vol liquid gas oil per vol molecular sieve and per hour, [liquid hourly space velocity (lhsv) = 0.63] the adsorption period takes 6 min. Together with the gas oil vapor 120 vol N2 per vol liquid gas oil is led over the sieve as carrier and purge gas. After the adsorption period the loaded molecular sieve is purged at the same temperature with pure N2 for 6 min. Subsequently, the adsorbed /z-alkanes are desorbed by 1 vol liquid /z-pentane per vol molecular sieve and per hour. The /z-pentane is recovered from the /z-alkane//z-pentane mixture by simple distillation [15]. The IsoSiv process of the Union Carbide Corporation works in a similar way [16]. The purity of the isolated /z-alkanes is >98%. 

Catalysts A, prepared from aluminum isopropoxide and calcined at 700° for 4 hours A—Na, contained 1 % by weight of sodium by impregnation with sodium carbonate A—H, purchased from Harshaw Chemical Company it contained 0.35% of sodium. HLSV = hourly liquid space velocity, grams of alcohol per gram of catalyst per hour. 

Gallons of liquid 500 x Sp. Gr. Pounds per hour liquid per minute... 

Pounds per hour liquid 0.002/Sp.Gr. Gallons per minute liquid (at 60°F)... 

Fuel Mode RPM Brake horse- power Pound fuel per Bhp-hour Liquid Solid % Diesel Saved... 

Used often in the laboratory, this unit is limited to 4.5 kgs. of solids loading with an estimated 10-15 gallons/hour liquid feed rate. Applications include stripping small bacteria or viruses from a culture medium. 

The hydrogenolysis of EL was carried out in SS batch reactor (volume = 100ml). Prior to reaction catalysts were reduced at 400 °C, unless otherwise specified, for 4 h under H2 flow (60ml/min). Catalysts were transferred into the batch reactor with exclusion of air. The amount of catalyst and ester was 0.5 g (2.8 wt. %) and 20 ml (75 mmol), respectively. The reaction was carried out under optimal reaction condition at T = 250 °C H2 and pressure of 9.5 MPa. The reaction time (t) was 8 hours. Liquid reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography. 

It can be seen that yields up to 86-98% could be obtained with slow space velocities and high hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio. The use of a coprecipitated chromia-alumina catalyst did not improve the hydrogenation, but the presence of carrier (alumina) had a purely diluting effect on active chromia. Experiments at superatmospheric pressure (33 atm.) in a flow system showed that hydrogenation of octene could be achieved to the extent of 82% at much lower temperatures (200°) and higher space velocities (4.0-5.0 hourly liquid space velocities). 

NFPA 432,4.11.3.2 4.5.3.1 If a 25-foot separation cannot be maintained, then a 1-hour, liquid-tight fine barrier shall be permitted. 

Tall Oil — 300-550 149-288 G E — - during successive esterifications. amidizaPons. and sultunzationsof tall oil. 421 hours (liquid and vapor phase)... 

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