Host immune response parasite modulation

In parasitic helminths, several different carbohydrate and hpid molecules from the parasitic surface or ES product are potent modulators of the host immune response. The most widely investigated helminth carbohydrate is Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFPIII) and, while with respect to helminth lipid IMs, schistosomal lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) is the best characterized. ... 

The development of therapeutic IMs from bacteria and viruses is a widely investigated area of research, for reasons previou% discussed. In comparison, thoi less helminth IMs have been described to-date, there are some aspects of the interplay between helminths and the human host that would surest they are an IM source of si iificant promise. A fundamental feature of worm infections is that rather than being typified by transient acute infections, they modulate host immunity via the synthesis and secretion of various parasitic IMs that chronically usurp the immune response for years to decades. It is this capacity for long-term immune suppression that surest a potential for use of helminth IMs as treatments in chronic inflammatory conditions. 

Jenkins SJ, Hewitson JP, Jenkins GR. Modulation of the host s immune response by schistosome larvae. Parasite Immunol 2005 27 385-393. 

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