Hormonal controls factors

Stamecker G. (1997). Hormonal control of lutein incorporation into pupal cuticle of the butterfly Inachis io and the pupal melanization reducing factor. Physiol Entomol 22 65-72. 

Both the overall rate of protein synthesis and the translation of certain specific mRNAs are controlled by agents such as hormones, growth factors, and other extracellular stimuli. As precursors for protein assembly, amino acids also regulate the translational machinery. Because protein synthesis consumes a high proportion of cellular metabolic energy, the energy status of the cell also modulates translation factors. 

McCann, S.M., Karanth, S., Mastronardi, C.A., Dees, W.L., Childs, G., Miller, B., Sower, S., and Yu, W.H. 2001. Control of gonadotrophin secretion by follicle stimulating hormone-releasing factor, luteinizing hormonereleasing hormone and leptin. Archives of Medical Research 32(6), 476-485. 

Figure 7.14 Regulation of rate of fatty acid oxidation in tissues. Arrows indicate direction of change (i) Changes in the concentrations of various hormones control the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue (see Figure 7.10). (ii) Changes in the blood level of fatty acid govern the uptake and oxidation of fatty acid, (iii) The activity of the enzyme CPT-I is controlled by changes in the intracellular level of malonyl-CoA, the formation of which is controlled by the hormones insulin and glucagon. Insulin increases malonyl-CoA concentration, glucagon decrease it. Three factors are important TAG-lipase, plasma fatty acid concentration and the intracellular malonyl-CoA concentration.

Hormonal control of mating behaviour is well documented in animals. In rats, estrogen and, to a lesser extent, progesterone control lordosis behaviour via the central nervous system (CNS). In female non-human primates, attractiveness and proceptivity change during the menstrual cycle or as a result of sex steroid administration. The effects of hormones on receptivity are unclear. It is assumed that steroid hormones influence behaviour in humans as they do in animals however, it is difficult to differentiate the effects of social and other environmental factors from the effects of sex steroids on mating behaviour in humans. 

Know the biosynthesis, functions, and chemical nature of steroid hormones. Be familiar with water and electrolyte metabolism and the control factors involved, and solve problems involving serum electrolytes. 

Kumar S, Char H, Patel S, Piemontese D, Malick AW, Iqbal K, Neuroschel E, and Behl CR. In vivo transdermal iontophoretic delivery of growth hormone releasing factor GRF (1 14) in hairless guinea pigs. J. Control. Rel. 1992 18 213-220. 

Gautier, J.C. Grangier, J.L. Barbier, A. Dupont, P. Dussosoy, D. Pastor, G. Couvreur, P. Biodegradable nanopartides for subcutaneous administration of growth hormone releasing factor (hGRF). J. Controlled. Rel. 1992, 5, 205-210. 

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