Horizontal shaded line

FIGURE 43 The dependence of microgels spectral dimension d on adaptabifily measure for the system 2DPP+HCE/DDM. The horizontal shaded line indicates linear coimectivity of microgels. 

FIGURE 7 The dependence of the hepty Ibenzoate molecule fractal dimension Dj. on the ratio Np /N for metal oxides. The horizontal shaded line shows the greatest value of fractal-like molecule. 

FIGURE 8.2 The dependence of statistical segments number per one nano cluster on interfacial regions relative fraction for nano composites LLDPE/MMT. Horizontal shaded line indicates the minimum value n =2. 

FIGURE 4.18 The dependence of measmement scale L on structure fractal dimension d ior PC at r = 293 K. Horizontal shaded lines indicate nondeformed PC structure self-similarity boimdaries (/, and and the shaded region - deformation fractal behavior range [73]. 

In Fig. 9.3, the dependences for the considered epoxy polymers are adduced where the value is indicated again by a horizontal shaded line. As one can see, crazing is possible only for epoxy polymer samples with = 0.50 and 1.50, having the smallest values of both and chemical cross-... 

FIGURE 15.18 The dependence of parameter on testing temperature T for PC. The horizontal shaded line shows the maximum value for nanocomposites polypropylene/Na -montmorillonite [50],... 

Fig. A.I. Real spherical harmonics. The first one, Y , is a constant. The coordinate system attached to the unit sphere is shown. The two zonal harmonics, IT and II, section the unit sphere into vertical zones. The unshaded area indicates a positive value for the harmonics, and the shaded area indicates a negative value. The four sectoral harmonics are sectioned horizontally. The two tesserai harmonics have both vertical and horizontal nodal lines on the unit sphere. The corresponding "chemists notations," such as (3z — r ), are also marked.

In Fig. 16.1, Pq is the signal produced by saturated vapor, is the time of switch-over to pure carrier gas. At time tj the signal corresponds to the pressure P and the horizontally shaded portion of the curve is proportional to the quantity of adsorbate remaining in the column. By successive integrations of the area under the curve along the line SPF, the quantity adsorbed at various relative pressures can be calculated. 

The times tj, t2 and t in Fig. 16.2 correspond, respectively, to the time when the flow is switched from carrier to mixture, when the signal begins to emerge, and when the concentration of the adsorbate has risen to pressure P. The horizontally shaded area is proportional to the quantity remaining in the column at pressure P. By successively integrating the areas between the line 2 and the saturated pressure signal, the adsorbed quantity can be calculated at various relative pressures. 

Fig. 14 Binary phase diagram for C246H494 in octacosane. The top curve shows the equilibrium liquidus for extended-chain crystals, and the bottom line the metastable liquidus for once-folded crystals. Experimental dissolution temperatures are fitted to the Flory-Huggins equation with / = 0.15 (solid lines). Vertical dotted lines (a) and (b) indicate the concentrations at which the growth rates were determined as a function of Tc in [29]. Horizontal dotted lines indicate the temperatures at which the rates were determined in [45] as a function of concentration. G(c) at Tc = 106.3 °C, measured along line (c), is shown in Fig. 12. The shading indicates schematically the crystal growth rate (black = fast), and the dashed line the position of the growth rate minimum...

Figure 14.4 Arrangement of hemoglobin genes along human chromosomes 11 and 16. Boxes are transcribed genes, and the horizontal thin lines are intervening, untranscribed spaces. Exons are shaded black, and introns that are removed from mRNA are white. 4> are pseudogenes with sequences resembling genes but are not transcribed. The scheme is roughly to scale.

Figure 5 Gas transfer rates during an open-ocean iron enrichment experiment measured by release of deliberate tracers. Estimates of are given by the horizontal black lines. The gray shaded line represents the wind, speed, the dashed line represents levels of the pigment Phaeophytin, the solid line represents concentrations of chlorophyll a (Nightingale et al, 2000a) (reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union from Geophys. Res. Lett.,...

FIGURE 7.3. Illustration of the instability window in electrocapiUary curve (a), excess surface charge density vs. potential curve (b) and double-layer capacitance vs. potential curve (c) in the absence (dashed lines) and the presence (solid lines) of the adsorpdon and partition of an ionic surfactant. Parameters used for calculation are the same as those in Figure 7.1. Shaded region shows the potential range where the system is thermodynamically unstable. Horizontal dashed lines in the middle of b and c represent the lines of zero surface charge and of zero capacitance, respectively. See text for parameters used for the calculation. Adapted in Figure 1 in Ref. [14]. 

On the map of mechanical states in region I, elastic and anelastic (shaded areas) deformations take place. In the region II, the inhomogeneous plastic deformation with the formation of shear bands takes place. The horizontal broken line corresponds to the theoretical yield stress of LRC. In the region III, the homogeneous diffusional-viscous flow takes place and, in the region IV, the mixed viscous flow is realized. Curves 1,2, 3 show the temperature dependence of the stress at different constant strain rates. The continuations of these curves in regions IV and II correspond to the mixed nonuniform plastic deformation. 

Solid inclined continuous line separates stability fields of calcite and dolomite, the horizontal dashed line restricts from the bottom crystallization field of aragonite or magnesian calcite. Different natural water distribution fields are shown by shading. 

FIGURE 10 The dependences of conversion degree Q and macromolecnlar coil fractal dimension Dj on reaction duration t for DMDAACh (c = 4.8 mol/1, initiator content 5 X 10"3 mol/1, T = 353 K). The vertical shaded lines 1-3 indicated polymerization stages borders. The horizontal stroke-pointed lines indicate the value of isolated coil in diluted... 

FIGURE 38 The kinetic curves for the system EPS-4/DDM at T 383 (1), 393 (2) and 403 K (3). The shaded lines are tangents to the initial parts of curves Q(t). Horizontal arrows indicate completion of microgels formation, vertical arrows indicate spatial network of entire sample formation. 

Fig. 11.4 Generation of the third-order polarization by pathways in Liouville space. (A) An extension of Fig. 11.1 A, with the coherences that contribute to p and denoted by shaded circles. There are eight three-step pathways that start at a/i lower-left corner) and end at one of these ovals. (B) Four of these pathways are shown the other four are the complex conjugates of these. A fourth interaction with the field vertical or horizontal dotted line in A) generates either the excited state bjy) or the ground state (a,a) (not shown). Pathways Ri, Rz, Rs and Rn correspond to the four individual response functions /fj to R4 (Eq. 11.37) that combine with their complex conjugates to make the third-rader nonlinear response function (Eq. 11.36)...

Figure 10. The smooth solid profile denotes the barrier along the most probable path. Thick horizontal lines at low energies and the shaded area at energies above the threshold represent energy levels available at size N. The jagged curves above the most probable path demonstrate generic paths, while the jagged curve beneath the most probable path shows the actual (lowest barrier) path, which would be followed if Scot > kgT/2ti.

Fig. 5.19. Evolutionary track in the HR diagram of an AGB model of total mass 0.6 Mq, initial composition (Y, Z) = (0.25, 0.001 Z /20). Heavy dots marked 2 to 11 indicate the start of a series of thermal pulses (see Fig. 5.20), which lead to excursions along the steep diagonal lines. Numbers along the horizontal and descending track indicate times in years relative to the moment when an ionized planetary nebula appears and (in parentheses) the mass of the envelope in units of Mq. R = 0.0285 indicates a line of constant radius (R in solar units) corresponding to the white-dwarf sequence. Shaded areas represent earlier evolutionary stages for stars with initial masses 3,5 and 7 Mq and the steep broken line marks the high-temperature boundary of the instability strip in which stars pulsate in their fundamental mode. The y-axis gives log L/Lq. Adapted from Iben and Renzini (1983).

Fig. 3. Schematic view of pairs of protein comparisons. Each protein is represented as a horizontal line, with the domains marked as boxes or ovals. Three pairs of proteins are shown, with domains that are related between the pair shaded gray, and domains that are unique to one of the sequences shown unshaded. The region of pairwise similarity is boxed within dashed lines. See text for a fuller explanation.

Figure 18. Magnesium three-isotope plot (relative to SRM 980 0) showing laser ablation data for Allende CAI 3576-1 (after Young et al. 2002a). Ellipses represent the 95% confidence for each datum. The shaded datum is the analysis that included alteration material in the CAI. This point is related to the ofiiers by mass fractionation (dashed line) at constant 5 Mg where 5 Mg is the horizontal deviation from a terrestrial mass-fractionation curve. The 5 Mg value depends on the Al/Mg ratio, indicating in situ decay of A1 in the CAI. The high precision of the MC-ICPMS analyses makes it possible to resolve mass-dependent fractionation from excesses in Mg at the sub-per mil level.

Figure 14.1 Simplified vacuum adsorption apparatus. Shaded areas represent mercury heavy horizontal lines are fiducial marks.

Figure 6.14 Evolution of the photoelectron spectra during the adaptive optimization of the fast versus the slow photoelectrons. The fitness function is defined as / = 5F — S, where F denotes the area of the fast photoelectrons (gray shaded) and S the area of slow photoelectrons. The number of iterations increases from (a) to (d). The horizontal lines indicate die reference intensities of die slow (dashed) and fast (bold) photoelectrons at die beginning of die optimization procedure. The optimal pulse (d) realizes die population of die upper dressed state during ionization with supreme selectivity.

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