Homogeneous mixture molecules

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In each of the studies described above, the reader is encouraged to watch the development of the two phases from the original homogeneous mixture. Note that there is significant clustering of like molecules well before two discrete phases form. Another observation is the ragged nature of the interface. It is not a smooth discrete separation in this molecular system level model. 

Sugar dissolves In water to give a solution that contains individual sugar molecules distributed uniformly among the water molecules. The aqueous sugar solution is stable and remains uniform indefinitely. Recall from Chapter 1 that a solution is a homogeneous mixture. On the microscopic scale, one microscopic portion of a solution looks the same as every other microscopic portion. 

All applications of the lattice-gas model to liquid-liquid interfaces have been based upon a three-dimensional, typically simple cubic lattice. Each lattice site is occupied by one of a variety of particles. In the simplest case the system contains two kinds of solvent molecules, and the interactions are restricted to nearest neighbors. If we label the two types of solvents molecules S and Sj, the interaction is specified by a symmetrical 2x2 matrix w, where each element specifies the interaction between two neighboring molecules of type 5, and Sj. Whether the system separates into two phases or forms a homogeneous mixture, depends on the relative strength of the cross-interaction W]2 with respect to the self-inter-action terms w, and W22, which can be expressed through the combination ... 

Solutions are homogeneous mixtures that contain particles the size of a typical ion or small molecule. Any one state of matter can mix with any other state, leading to seven possible kinds of solutions. For solutions in which a gas or solid is dissolved in a liquid, the dissolved substance is called the solute and the liquid is called the solvent. 

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of a solute and solvent. In a classification of matter, matter is divided into mixtures and pure substances. Mixtures are divided into homogenous mixtures, solutions, and heterogeneous mixtures such as suspensions. Pure substances are divided into elements made up of atoms and compounds made up of molecules. 

A solution is a homogeneous mixture that has one or more solutes dispersed at a molecular or ionic level throughout a medium called the solvent. The dispersed phase in a colloid is much larger than a typical molecule. For this reason, colloids exhibit the Tyndall effect, or the ability to trace out a ray of light shown through the colloid. 

Solutions are combinations of at least two ingredients, such as water and salt. The substance present in the larger quantity is the solvent, and the one present in the smaller quantity is the solute. The hallmark of solutions is their uniformity. Every part of a solution is the same as any other part. This is called homogeneity. A solution is a homogeneous mixture. For example, when cola is examined microscopically, the same number of sugar molecules are present in each ounce. For most solutions, the solvent is water, although there are certainly numerous exceptions. 

During precipitation polymerization, all ingredients are dissolved in a solvent (water) to form a homogeneous mixture in which initiation of polymerization takes place. The formed polymers are transformed into a collapsed state because the reaction temperature is far above VPTT (for example in the case of PNIPAAm) and become crosslinked by crosslinker molecules to form a colloidal polymer network or microgel. This technique has been widely used for the synthesis of thermosensitive PNIPAAm [30-35] and poly(/V-vinyl caprolactam) (PVCL) [36] microgels. 

We know by experience that when two dissimilar gases are kept in two different compartments and if the partition between them is removed, the gases mix spontaneously and tend to make a homogeneous mixture. On the other hand, we never find that from a mixture of gases the molecules segregate to form two volumes of pure gases spontaneously. If this were to happen, entropy of the universe would have decreased hy an amount In TV +Ng In Ng). 

You have learned about the difference between pure substances and mixtures. Mixtures can either be heterogeneous or homogeneous. The particles of a heterogeneous mixture are large enough to see under a microscope. In a homogeneous mixture, however, the particles are molecule-sized, so the mixture appears uniform, even under a microscope. A homogenous mixture is also known as a solution. 

The fraction rii/n, that is, the ratio of the number of moles (or molecules) of any constituent of a homogeneous mixture—gaseous, liquid or solid—to the total number of moles (or molecules) is called the mole fraction of that constituent it is represented by the symbol n so that... 

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