Homogeneous catalytic kinetics metal ions

In this chapter we discuss some of the basic concepts of organometallic chemistry and reaction kinetics that are of special relevance to homogeneous catalysis. The catalytic activity of a metal complex is influenced by the characteristics of the central metal ions and the attached ligands. We first discuss the relevant properties of the metal ion and then the properties of a few typical ligands. 

A discussion of specific catalytic effects of mineral surfaces must be based on thermodynamic and structural information of the reactive surface species. The first part includes a brief outline of the emerging picture of mineral surfaces as two-dimensional arrays of surface complexes. This part assembles also the kinetic tools that are useful for comparison of the reactivity of aqueous metal ions and their adsorbed surface complexes. The second part presents a reevaluation of the most extensively studied inorganic redox reactions in natural waters the oxygenation of VO2 +, Mn2+, Fe2 + and Cu + in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. 

Kinetics. If the kinetics and mechanism of the reaction in homogeneous solution are known, they can be translated at least approximately into the heterogenized system [30,37]. The principal difference between the homogeneous and heterogenized reactions is that the catalyst is distributed uniformly over the entire system in the former, but is concentrated in a part of it in the latter, a distinction of physics rather than chemistry. Provided the reaction is first order in the catalyst, as is usually true, the same amount of catalytically active species—say, hydrogen ions or complexed cobalt metal atoms—could be expected to produce approximately the same rate in both systems. This is a very crude, but useful hypothesis to start with. Complicating facets of the heterogenized reactions are ... 

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