Histone s

If chromatin is swelled suddenly in water and prepared for viewing in the electron microscope, the nucleosomes are evident as beads on a string, dsDNA being the string (Figure 12.28). The structure of the histone octamer core has been determined by X-ray crystallography without DNA by E. N. Moudrianakis s laboratory (Figure 12.29) and wrapped with DNA by T. J. 

Gallinari P, Di Marco S, Pallaro M et al (2007) HDACS, histone deacetylation and gene transcription from molecular biology to cancer therapeutics. Cell Res 17 195-211... 

Histone methylation is a common posttranslational modification fond in histones. Histone methylations have been identified on lysine and arginine residues. In case of lysines S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) dependent methyl transferases catalyze the transfer of one, two or three methyl groups. Lysine methylation is reversible and lysine specific demethylases have been... 

Fischle W, EmUiani S, Hendzel Ml, Nagase T, Nomura N, Voelter W, Verdin E (1999) A new family of human histone deacetylases related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae HDAlp. J Biol Chem 274(17) 11713-11720... 

In addition to histone deacetylation, histone lysine methylation can also lead to gene silencing which is not blocked by the HDAC inhibitors [6, 51], Several lines of evidence have suggested a connection between cancer and histone lysine methyltrans-ferases (HKMTs) [52], HKMTs catalyze the transfer of methyl group(s) from the cofactor. S -adenosyI-methionine (AdoMet) to some specific lysine residues in the N-terminal histone tails [53, 54], With one exception of Dotl [55], all known HKMTs contain the SET domain which represents a novel structural fold [53, 56], Among SET-domain HKMTs, SET7/9 is one of the best characterized experimentally. It is a... 

Khan AU, Krishnamurthy S (2005) Histone modifications as key regulators of transcription. Front Biosci 10 866-872... 

De ruijter AJM, Vangennip AH, Caron HN, Kemp S, Vankuilenburg ABP (2003) Histone deacety-lases (hdacs) characterization of the classical hdac family. Biochem J 370 737-749... 

Wang S, Hu P, Zhang Y (2007) Ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical molecular dynamics simulation of enzyme catalysis the case of histone lysine methyltransferase set7/9. J Phys Chem B ASAP... 

Xiao B, Jing C, Wilson JR, Walker PA, Vasisht N, Kelly G, Howell S, Taylor IA, Blackburn GM, Gamblin SJ (2003) Structure and catalytic mechanism of the human histone methyltransferase set7/9. Nature 421 652-656... 

Nurse Work in starfish suggested that Cdk activity remained quite high, so that is the simplest model, and that is likely to be the case in fission yeast as well. We are cataloguing all the different components to see if we can work out the regulation of Cdk. It is consistent with but not yet proven that cdk regulation could regulate S phase between meiosis I and meiosis II. But I am worried about this mouse observation. Did you look at total HI histone kinase ... 

Three-dimensional X-ray crystal structures of the SET domains of >10 PMTs and the catalytic domain of DOT1L have been reported to date [25-27]. These structures, either in the apo-state or when bound to the cofactor product S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH), a histone peptide, or an inhibitor, yield key structural insights into enzyme/substrate/cofactor/inhibitor interactions and inform approaches to further inhibitor design. 

Taunton, J., Hassig, C. A., and Schreiber, S. L. (1996). A mammalian histone deacetylase related to the yeast transcriptional regulator Rpd3p. Science Til, 408—411. 

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