High performance liquid chromotography HPLC

Early studies made of this species estimated the concentrations of psilocybin at about 0.2 percent (2.0 mg./gm) of the dry weight, along with a fairly high amount of psilocin. But the analytical tools then in use necessitated heating and are now considered obsolete. Current state-of-the-art equipment —such as High-Performance Liquid Chromotography (HPLC)—shows that much of the "psilocin observed was actually psilocybin that had been transformed into psilocin by the analytical process. 

Several research groups employ high-performance liquid chromotography (HPLC) analytics to monitor release [35,38,39], Possible degradation products could result in altered retention behavior, but no such observations have been published for peptides or proteins released from lipospheres. 

Ammonium (or tetraethylammonium) are preferred salt forms for both ESI and MALDI. High-performance liquid chromotography (HPLC) purification is a suitable approach for sample purification, especially when ammonium buffers are used. Solvent additives, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and triethylamine, can also be added to the sample solution in ESI or MALDI to help alleviate the interference of alkali salt ions from the spectra (Figures 4 and 5). In MALDI, cation-exchange resin beads are effective at generating the ammonium salts of the oligonucleotides prior to mass analysis. 

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