High Molecular Weight Aliphatic Amines

combining weight Percent Primary Amine Percent Secon Amine Approx. Melting Pi. 

Insoluble in ethyl acs tale, 1 lenten e, n h mane o r cydol exane at 95 .  

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Extraction by proton transfer or by ion-pair formation using high molecular weight aliphatic amines... 

High-molecular-weight aliphatic amines are used extensively in many industries. The total primary- and secondary-amine content of aliphatic amines can be determined easily and rapidly by functional-group analysis in the near infrared [9], using chloroform solvent and 5-cm fused-silica cells. Primary amines have characteristic absorption maxima at 2.02 /um and 1.55 m, whereas secondary amines absorb only at 1.55 fim. Quantitation is achieved by the calibration-curve method using a series of standard solutions of primary and of secondary amines. Most other methods for the determination of total primary, secondary, or tertiary amine in a mixture are lengthy or inaccurate, or are unsuitable for small samples. 

Table 14.36 High Molecular Weight Aliphatic Amines (59)...

The molecular-ion peak M is weak to absent in high-molecular weight aliphatic open-chain amines, but strong in aromatic and cyclic amines. 

The odors of amines are quite unpleasant many of the malodorous compounds that are released as fish decay are low-molecular-weight amines. Amines of high molecular weight are nonvolatile, so they have little odor. One of the materials used to manufacture nylon, hexamethylenediamine, is an aliphatic amine. Many aromatic amines are used to prepare organic dyes that are widely used in industrial societies. Amines are also used to produce many medicinal products, including local anesthetics and sulfa drags. 

Aliphatic polyamides are produced commercially by condensation of diamines with dibasic adds, by self-condensation of an amino acid, or by self-condensation of an amino acid, or by ring-opening polymeri2ation of a lactam [14,40,41]. To obtain polymers of high molecular weight, there should be stoichiometric equivalence of amine and acid groups of the monomers. For amino acids and lactams the stoichiometric balance is ensured by the use of pure monomers for diamines and dibasic acids this is readily obtained by the preliminary formation of a 1 1 ammonium salt, often referred to as a nylon salt. Small quantities of monofunctional compounds are often used to control the molecular weight. 

The aliphatic amines of low molecular weight are soluble in water. Aliphatic diamines of fairly high molecular weight are soluble in water because each molecule contains two highly polar — NHj groups that form hydrogen bonds with water. 

Apart from exceptional heat resistance, this compound has high resistance to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, including carbon tetrachloride and benzene, esters of aromatic acids, and higher ethers (aromatic and aliphatic), and also to phosphoric acid. It is not suitable, however, for low molecular weight aliphatic esters, ketones, and amines including anhydrous... 

Two kinds of adsorbents are used for column packings polar adsorbents and nonpolar adsorbents. The acidic polar adsorbents, such as silica, are used for aliphatic nitrocompounds or aromatic amines. The basic adsorbents, such as alumina, are used for pyrrole derivatives, phenols, and carboxylic acids. The nonpolar adsorbents, such as charcoal, are used for high-molecular-weight homologs and aromatic compounds. 

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