High-molecular compounds

Vinogradov GV (1974) In Chemistry and technology of high molecular compounds. Advances in Sdence and Technology Series. VINITI Publication, Moscow, p 130... 

Benes, M. J., Peska, J., Wichezel, O. Materialy Conferenzii of High Molecular Compounds, Paris 1963... 

Sukhorukov, B. J., Kuz menko, V. A., Blumenfeld, L. A. in collected articles Geterotsepnyl vysokomolekularniye soedineniya (heterochain high-molecular compounds), 1964... 

Dawans, F. Proceedings of the Conference on High-Molecular Compounds, Paris 1965... 

To summarise, a fractionation step allows the isolation of the compounds of interest from the other molecular constituents, particularly from the fatty acids that are well-ionised. To compensate for the low ionisation yield of some compounds, such as TAGs, the solutions may be doped with a cation. Samples are then directly infused into the ion electrospray source of the mass spectrometer. A first spectrum provides an overview of the main molecular compounds present in the solution based on the peaks related to molecular cations. The MS/MS experiment is then performed to elucidate the structure of each high molecular compound. Table 4.2 shows the different methods of sample preparation and analysis of nonvolatile compounds as esters and TAGs from reference beeswax, animal fats and archaeological samples. 

A. Deters, A. Dauer, E. Schnetz, M. Fartasshc and A. Hensel, High molecular compounds (polysaccharides and proanthocyanidins) from Hamamelis virginiana bark influence on human skin keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation and influence on irritated skin. Phytochemistry 58 (2001) 949-958. 

In mobile phases that are good sample solvents, the retention mechanism of high molecular compounds can be explained on the basis of conventional theory of RPC or NPC gradient elution applying for small molecnles, considering the effect of increasing size of molecules on the values of the constants a, b, ko, and m of the retention equations— Equation 5.7, 5.10, or 5.11. 

M. W. Wolkenstein and 0. B. Ptitsyn Institute of High-Molecular Compounds of the Academy of Sciences of U.S.S.R., Leningrad... 

A.L. Rusanov, S.Kh. Fidler, Yu.N. Margalitadze, R.G. Kakauridze, D.S. Tugushi, LG. Bakhtadze and N.V. Putkaradze in Abstracts of XXII All-Union Conference on High-Molecular Compounds, Alma-Ata, Khazakstan, 1985, p.79. 

On the other hand, the interest towards this field is accounted for by the possibility to create polymeric systems, combining the unique properties of low-molecular liquid crystals and high molecular compounds, making it feasible to produce films, fibers and coatings with extraordinary features. It is well-known that the utilization of low-molecular thermotropic liquid crystals requirs special hermetic protective shells (electrooptical cells, microcapsules etc.), which maintain their shape and protect LC compounds from external influences. In the case of thermotropic LC polymers there is no need for such sandwich-like constructions, because the properties of low-molecular liquid crystals and of polymeric body are combined in a single individual material. This reveals essentially new perspectives for their application. 

Baramboym, NK (1978) Mechanochemistry of high-molecular compounds, Himiya, Moscow... 

The choice of particular low- and high-molecular compounds relating to different classes is due to their properties which make it possible to enhance production effectiveness, for example, the ability to combine with powdered aminoplast in pelletizing the material during the granulation process. 

As stated above, polyorganosiloxanes were the first representatives of high-molecular compounds with inorganic main molecular chains sur-... 

Because high-molecular compounds in the form of various nonmetallic materials are so widely used, especially in crowded places, a serious problem nowadays is to create nonmetallic materials which do not sustain combustion or are totally nonflammable. 

At present, industry produces a wide range of silicone and elementosili-cone high-molecular compounds of three classes polyorganosiloxanes, polyorganosilazanes and polyelementorganosiloxanes. 

Polyorganosiloxanes are high-molecular compounds with the backbone consisting of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms with different groups or organic radicals at the silicon atom. 

Ignatyeva GM, Rebrov EA, Myakushev VD, Chechenskaya TB, Muzafarov AM (1997) The universal scheme for the synthesis of silicone dendrimers.. High-Molecular Compounds, 1997, vol 39A, edn 8, pp 1271-1280 [in Russian]... 

On different stages of research our partners were scientists from several institutes of the Russian Academy of Science, in particular Ioffe Physical and Engineering Institute, Solid State Physics Institute and High-Molecular Compounds Institute. They helped us to make complex analysis of obtained CNM specimens by using modem measuring equipment. 

Tertiary nitro compounds, of course, do not undergo tautomeric transformation, and they might be expected to be resistant to alkalis. Nevertheless aromatic nitro compounds, and polynitro-ones in particular, are very sensitive to alkalis, and undergo transformation when treated with them. For example, sym-trinitrobcnzcnc and also a- trinitrotoluene, when reacted with potassium hydroxide in methyl alcohol solution, form dark addition products (see also p. 202). Under certain conditions the nitro group can break off to form high molecular compounds. 

Scientific Committee on High Molecular Compounds, Vavilova St. 32, Moscow B-312, U.S.S.R. 

Levels of drag and/or its metabolite have to be determined in plasma samples collected during the course of a toxicity study in order to evaluate the toxicokinetics of that compound. For high molecular compounds and/or very low concentration of the analyte immunoassays may be the method of choice to determine the compound in toxicokinetic samples. 

Mukbaniani O.V., Achelashvili V.A., and Sturua G.I., Thes. Rep. XXII All-Union Conf. High-Molecular Compounds, Alma-Ata, 1985, p. 89. (Rus)... 

Tarasova G.I., Fractionation of Cyclic Polyesters. Chemistry and Technology of High-molecular Compounds, Coll., Comp. Teplyakov M.S., Ed. Korshak V.V., Moscow, VINITI, 1973, vol. 4, p. 109. (Rus)... 

These dyes consist of various high molecular compounds of which the ones pictured above predominate. Procedures given in the literature for the preparation of these dyes are of little value because all of them call for treating an acid diamine solution with sodium nitrite. Much better results are obtained by carefully acidifying a neutral solution of the diamine and nitrite, or by adding the neutral solution, in the course of 12 minutes, to the required amount of hydrochloric acid. Furthermore, it turns out that somewhat more nitrite should be used than is called for by the equation ... 

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