High interphase interaction

Nanocarbon structures such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene, are characterized by their weak interphase interaction with host matrices (polymer, ceramic, metals) when fabricating composites [99,100]. In addition to their characteristic high surface area and high chemical inertness, this fact turns these carbon nanostructures into materials that are very difficult to disperse in a given matrix. However, uniform dispersion and improved nanotube/matrix interactions are necessary to increase the mechanical, physical and chemical properties as well as biocompatibility of the composites [101,102]. 

The concentration dependence of rig conqjuted from Equation 20 Is shown In Fig. 30, where the solid points represent the experimental data and the open points their values corrected for the effects of PP degradation. For System-1 there Is strong negative deviation (NDB) from the log additivity rule, viz. Equation 1, but for System-2 NDB Is visible at low PP content, converting to positive deviation (PDB) at high. It Is worth recalling that ng was computed from corrected for the yield stress values of n. The NDB behavior. Indicative of Interlayer slip, reflects poor miscibility In System-1 and that at low concentration of PP In System-2. The emulslon-llke behavior of Syetem-2 at high PP content reflects a better Interphase Interaction. 

Functionalized Polyolefins and Aliphatic Polyamide Blends Interphase Interactions, Rheology, and High Elastic Properties of Melts... 

A high rate of formation of adhesional contact between the phases in a PA/PO-g-MAH system is very important from the technological viewpoint, because fast interphase interactions during compounding of materials depend little on subsequent processing of the blends. 

The fact that the total number of particles must be conserved during the development of occasional disturbances in a uniform vertical flow or in a homogeneous fluidized bed in itself results in the formation of kinematic waves of constant amplitude, as was first demonstrated by Kynch [48]. Both particle inertia and the nonlinear dependence of the interphase interaction force on the suspension concentration cause an increase in this amplitude. This amounts to the appearance of a resultant flow instability with respect to infinitesimal concentration disturbances and with respect to other mean flow variable disturbances. Various dissipative effects can slow the rate at which instability develops, but cannot actually prevent its development. Therefore, investigating the linear stability of a flow without allowing for interparticle interaction leads inevitably to the conclusion that the flow always is unstable irrespective of its concentration and the physical parameters of its phases. This conclusion contradicts experimental evidence that proves suspension flows of sufficiently small particles in liquids to be hydrodynamically stable in wide concentration intervals [57-59]. Moreover, even flows of large particles in gases may be stable if the concentration is either very low or very high. 

The mechanical properties of a fiber-matrix interphase composed of high concentrations of sizing, exclusive of the presence or absence of specific chemical interactions between the fiber surface and the surrounding matrix, have been demonstrated to be potentially responsible for the level of fiber-matrix adhesion. 

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