Heteroreceptors synthesis

Schwartz, J.C.,Arrang, J. M., Garbarg, M., Gulat-Marnay, C. and Pollard, H. Modulation of histamine synthesis and release in brain via presynaptic autoreceptors and heteroreceptors. Ann. N.Y.Acad. Sci. 604 40-54,1990. 

A heteroreceptor is a receptor regulating the synthesis and/or the release of mediators other than its own ligand (IUPAC). 

Blockade of histamine autoreceptors increases histamine synthesis and release and may support higher CNS functions such as arousal, cognition and learning. Peripheral histamine heteroreceptors on C liber and on postganglionic sympathetic fiber terminals diminish neuropeptide and noradrenaline release, respectively. Both inhibititory effects are beneficial in myocardial ischemia. The inhibition of neuropeptide release also explains the antimigraine effects of some agonists of presynaptic histamine receptors. 

HTia heteroreceptors depress, whereas 5-HT2A heteroreceptors enhance, the synthesis of dopamine in rat corpus striatum. The former effect (Johnson et al. 1993) occurs even in the absence of any dopamine release, is shared by endogenous serotonin, and may involve adenylyl cyclase inhibition and a diminution of TH phosphorylation as discussed above for dopamine D2 autoreceptors (Section 2.2). The 5-HT2A increase in synthesis, in contrast (Lucas and Spampinato 2000), occurs only when dopamine neurons are activated by blockade of their D2 autoreceptors. 

Receptors on soma, dendrites, and axons of neurons respond to neurotransmitters or modulators released from the same neuron or from adjacent neurons or cells. Soma-dendritic receptors are located on or near the cell body and dendrites when activated, they primarily modify functions of the soma-dendritic region such as protein synthesis and generation of action potentials. Presy-naptic receptors are located on axon terminals or varicosities when activated, they modify functions such as synthesis and release of transmitters. Two main classes c presynaptic receptors have been identified on most neurons, including sympathetic and parasympathetic terminals. Heteroreceptors are presynaptic receptors that respond to neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, or neurohormones released from adjacent neurons or cells. For example, NE can influence the release of ACh from parasympathetic neurons by acting on and receptors, whereas ACh can... 

M4 479 aa Heart Preferentially expressed in Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, icAMP Increases food intake, body weight, fat deposits Inhibition of dopamine release Synthesis of NO Autoreceptor- and heteroreceptor-mediated... 

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