Heterogeneous Photocatalysis for the Heterocycle Synthesis via -H Activation

Experimentally, the catalyst is easily removed from the system after reaction by a simple centrifugal separation, and the catalyst was reused without further treatment. Remarkably, the photocatalyst could be efficiently recycled in nine consecutive catalytic cycles without significant loss of reactivity and selectivity. 

Compared the used catalyst with the fresh one, no significant morphological changes with regard to the shape and structure of the catalyst were found. 

As radical chemistry is going through its renaissance, there is also a modern trend in heterogeneous photocatalyzed transformation involving C-H activation. To increase reaction rates, several studies devoted to elucidate the mechanistic details of photocatalytic reactions are essential and they are giving important information. As to the concern of the process economy, employment of sunlight is of course the ideal option. 

Transition Metal-Cataiyzed Carbonyiative Synthesis of Heterocycies via C-H Activation 

Additionally, heterocyclic molecules are an important class of compound that is frequently encountered in the medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. And numerous efforts have been made to synthesize the core heterocycies in the recent years [2b, 5]. Carbonyiative reactions have been applied in the synthesis of heterocycies as well [2b]. Here we wish to discuss the main progresses in the carbonyiative synthesis of heterocycies via the C-H bond functionalization. To make 

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