Herbicidal activity assessment

Herbicidal activity assessment is the first and most important step in developing novel herbicides. Test procedures and conditions must meet testing requirements of chemical screening. A series of test procedures has been developed for testing the biological activity of new compounds. Data from these tests will help us in assessing the herbicidal ability of new chemicals. 

A number of mesoionic 1,2,3,4-oxa- and -thia-triazoles, prepared by standard methods, were assessed for pesticidal and herbicidal activity (79BRP2015878). Pharmacological activity of mesoionic compounds has been reviewed (76AHC(19)l). 

A series of 2-(4-(1,X-naphthyridinyloxy)phenoxy)propan-oic acids were prepared for evaluation as potential grass herbicides and to assess their ability to inhibit maize acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase). A new regiospecific pyridine annulation procedure was employed to prepare the key 2-chloro-l,6-, 1,7-, and 1,8-naphthyridine intermediates. Of the compounds prepared, only the 6-chloro-l,5-naphthyridinyloxyphen-oxy propanoic acid displayed substantial levels of herbicidal activity. The relative levels of herbicidal activity in this series of propanoic acids could be explained by the ability of these materials to inhibit ACCase. 

Environmental health advisories, for herbicides, 13 316-318t Environmental, health, and safety (EHS) practices, integrated, 24 177 Environmental impact assessment (EIA), 10 228-248. See also EIA entries activities in, 10 234-237 broadening and reorienting, 10 245—246 characteristics of, 10 229-230 collaborative processes in, 10 246 defined, 10 229... 

To emphasize significance Present-active The significance of this proposal is multifold. (From Lyon, 2000) Assessment of herbicides... in water resources is important for increasing the effectiveness... (From Aga, 2002) Answers to this question promise to affect our understanding. (From Walker, 2001)... 

Williams GM, Kroes R, and Munro IC (2000) Safety evaluation and risk assessment of the herbicide Roundup and its active ingredient, glyphosate, for humans. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 31 117-165. 

Table I Herbicides assessed for activity on chlorotoluron-resistant ( Peldon ) black-grass...

The widely-used herbicide atrazine poses a threat to environmental health if point sources due to spills are not efficiently dealt with. Numerous atrazine-degrading microorganisms have been been isolated, and there is much known about the genetics and biochemistry of atrazine biodegradation. A variety of studies have e qilored the utility of atrazine-degrading bacteria for soil bioremediation. The effects of various rate controlling factors, pH, availability of nutrients, terminal electron acceptor and efficacy of different bacteria have been explored. Finally, the advent of molecular methods used to monitor the persistence and assess die activity of bioremediating bacteria is likely to inqirove the success of bioremediation. 

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