Hepatocyte lysis

A series of animal experiments confirmed that embolizing two thirds of the portal branches stimulated hepatocytes in the spared portion of the liver to divide [5]. These experiments also determined the timing and timing and extent of hepatocyte replication. The embolized liver segments atrophied and the atrophy was not accompanied by evidence of hepatocyte lysis. Instead, it was found that hepatocytes underwent apoptosis. Finally, these experiments also demonstrated the feasibility of maintaining a catheter in the portal vein for several days. 

A non-significant 13% decrease in the cellular glutathione content in the absence of cell lysis was observed in freshly isolated hepatocytes from Sprague-Dawley rats upon incubation with 1.2 mmol/L 1,2-dichloroethane for 1 h (Jean Reed, 1992). 

Serum proteins containing 3-Cys-A adducts had molecular masses similar to those found in the liver 10,000 g supernatant (55, 87 and approximately 102 kDa). Collectively, these data indicated that liver adducts were released into the serum following lysis of hepatocytes (16,19). 

Copper is stored by the liver in the storage protein metallothionein and excreted by the transport protein ceruloplasmin into the bile. When 10 rat hepatocytes were incubated with 50 piM Cu " for 2 h, the formation of reactive oxygen species as determined by oxidation of dichlorofluorescin diacetate to dichlorofluorescein increased from 90 5 intensity units in the controls to 412 9 intensity units in the metal-treated cells (Pourahmad and O Brien 2000). Malondialdehyde UV absorption increased from 0.048 0.006 to 0.662 0.012 units obtained at X ax = 532 nm (P <0.001). The ED50 concentrations found for Cu and Cd (i.e. 50% membrane lysis in 2 h) were 50 and 20 pM, respectively (Pourahmad and O Brien 2000). However, reactive oxygen species formation, GSH oxidation and hpid peroxidation were induced by Cu at these concentrations more rapidly than by Cd. The dechne of mitochondrial membrane potential though occurred at the same time and to the same extent for both metals. 

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