Heavy distillates, hydrotreatment

The hydrotreatments are carried out at pressures in the range 250 to 2500 psig and temperatures from 230° to 510°C. The exact conditions used depend on the feedstock and extent of dewaxing required. The products from the hydrocracking of the wax in heavy distillate feedstocks boil below 177°C with C3, C4, and C5 hydrocarbons predominating. 

MQV760 CAS 64742-18-3 HR 3 MINERAL OIL, PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, ACID-TREATED HEAVY NAPHTHENIC (mild or no solventrefining or hydrotreatment)... 

Residuum hydrotreater Trickle phase catalytic/thermal Convert heavy residuum to lighter distillates, removing metals (Ni, V), S, and N... 

The vacuum distillation unit cuts deeper into the atmospheric topped bitumen. It distills off the remaining light gas oil and heavy gas oil that are sent directly to hydrotreaters. The remaining vacuum topped bitumen can be blended with atmospheric topped bitumen and then sent to bitumen conversion units. 

Figure 1 (29) shows a typical refining scheme for 2010 and the rest of the decade. Every refinery would not be able to house all the installations presented, as the corresponding investments would be too heavy. However, overall, the refineries in the same oil corporation should correspond more or less to this scenario. It includes deep conversion units with a POX for residues for refinery hydrogen production, hydrotreatments on all the distillation cuts and the LCO of the catalytic cracker and specific additional units for quality improvement isomerization of light paraffins, aliphatic alkylation and etherification. 

Waste lubricating oils from vehicles can be processed to produce an acceptable recycled lubricating oil. Normally, this involves distillation and vacuum distillation to remove water and lighter hydrocarbon impurities, leaving some heavy residue that can be burned, purification by treatment with solvents such as methylethyl ketone, and hydrotreatment with H2 to eliminate unsaturated hydrocarbons and compounds containing O, N, or S. 

Hydrotreaters are the most common process units in modem petroleum refineries. As shown in Table 1, the world s hydrotreating capacity is nearly half as large as the world s cmde distillation capacity. In more than 700 refineries aroimd the globe, there are more than 1300 hydrotreating units. A typical Western petroleum refinery Figure 1) uses at least three hydrotreaters - one for naphtha, one or two for light gas oil, and one or two for heavy gas oil and/or vacuum gas oil. 

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