Heart disease phospholipase

Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, Coresh J, Folsom AR, Heiss G, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident coronary heart disease in middle-aged men and women in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 2004 109 837-42. 

C. J. Packard, D. S. J. O Reilly, M. Caslake, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as an independent predietor of coronary heart disease. New England Journal of Medicine 343,1148 (2000). 

B. and Witteman, J. C. M. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity is associated with risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke The Rotterdam study. Circulation 111 (2005) 570-575. 

A number of cardiovascular disease states that eventually result in chronic congestive heart failure are associated with alterations in cardiac performance. Several hormonal factors such as angiotensin II, endothelin, and alterations in signal transduction mechanisms including adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C (PLC) have been reported to play an important role in the alterations of cardiac performance. 

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