Haworth, Sir

HAWORTH. SIR WALTER N. 0883-1950). An English chemist who received the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1937 along with Paul Karrer. He recommended the name ascorbic acid and synthesized vitamin C, He accomplished much work on carbohydrate structure und developed a substitute for blood plasma using carbohydrates. During World War 11. he developed gaseous diffusion separation on uranium isotopes. He received his Ph D. in Manchester. England. 

Haworth, Sir Walter Norman (1883-1950) English chemist who was the first to establish the molecular structure of vitamin C and who named it ascorbic acid. Haworth shared the 1937 Nobel Prize in chemistry with Paul Karrer. 

Structural drawings of carbohydrates of this type are called Haworth formulas, after the British chemist Sir Walter Norman Haworth (St Andrew s University and the University of Birmingham) Early m his career Haworth contributed to the discovery that carbohydrates exist as cyclic hemiacetals rather than m open chain forms Later he col laborated on an efficient synthesis of vitamin C from carbohydrate precursors This was the first chemical synthesis of a vitamin and provided an inexpensive route to its prepa ration on a commercial scale Haworth was a corecipient of the Nobel Prize for chem istry m 1937... 

The Consequences of Some Projects Initiated by Sir Norman Haworth," (Haworth Memorial Lecture), M. Stacey, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2 (1973) 145-161. 

Other honors bestowed on Horace Isbell were The U.S. Department of Commerce Silver Medal for Meritorious Service in 1950 a Distinguished Alumni Award from the University of Denver in 1953 and in 1973, the second Sir Norman Haworth Memorial Medal of The Chemical Society (London) for his contributions... 

Professor Jones s outstanding achievements in carbohydrate chemistry were recognized by his receipt of numerous awards and honors. In 1957, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London, and, in 1959, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and a Fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada. The Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry of the American Chemical Society presented him with the Claude S. Hudson Award in 1969. He was the 1975 recipient of the Anselme Payen Award from the Cellulose, Paper, and Textile Division. In March 1975, he was awarded the third Sir Norman Haworth Memorial Medal of The Chemical Society (London). 

Using methods similar to Fischer s, the straight-chain form of any monosaccharide can be worked out. As we have seen, however, monosaccharides exist mostly as cyclic pyra-nose or furanose hemiacetals. These hemiacetals are in equilibrium with the open-chain forms, so sugars can react like hemiacetals or like ketones and aldehydes. How can we freeze this equilibrium and determine the optimum ring size for any given sugar Sir Walter Haworth (inventor of the Haworth projection) used some simple chemistry to determine the pyranose structure of glucose in 1926. 

Widespread Mabis (apple), Rosa (rose hip) (Rosaceae), Citrus (Rutaceae), Capsicum (Szegedi paprika) (Solanaceae) spp. Vitamin C reaches 20-300 mM in chloroplasts discovered by Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (Hungary/ USA, Nobel Prize, 1937 [vitamin C biological oxidations]) structure synthesis (Sir Walter Haworth (UK, Nobel Prize, Chemistry, 1937, [carbohydrates vitamin C]) identified by W.A. Waugh C.G. King (USA)... 

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