Hard disks, description

To determine time dependent behaviours of the specimen up to 25 measurements in series with different time delays are possible. To prevent mistakes in application many help comments appear when inputs are necessary or differences between the calibration and the measurement are detected. All calibration conditions, a description for the specimen and results can be printed or saved by the hard disk. To reduce the input expenditure, the last configuration is made to current values when the program is stopped ore leave. 

Our polygon description of the structure of 2D dense random packings of hard disks parallels Bernal s description of three-dimensional (3D) dense random packings of hard spheres as space-filling arrays of elementary polyhedral units ( Bernal holes, or canonical polyhedra ) [2-5]. Bernal s approach to 3D liquid structure is discussed in more detail in Section IV.A. 

One may visualize a tube as the continuum limit of a discrete chain of tethered disks or coins [21] of fixed radius separated from one another by a distance a in the limit of a -> 0. The inherent anisotropy associated with a coin (the heads-to-tails direction being different from the other two) reflects the fact that a special local direction at each position is defined by the locations of the adjacent objects along the chain. An alternative description of a discrete chain molecule is a string-and-beads model in which the tethered objects are spheres. The key difference between these two descriptions is the different symmetry of the tethered objects. On compaction, spheres tend to surround themselves isotropically with other spheres, unlike the tube situation in which nearby tube segments need to be placed parallel to one another. Even for unconstrained particles, deviations from spherical symmetry (replacing a system of hard spheres with one of hard rods, for example) lead to rich new liquid crystal phases [22, 23]. Likewise, the tube and a chain of tethered spheres exhibit quite distinct behaviors. 

The preceding work shows that it is not always trivial to obtain corrected reference curves for the NNDF and PCF, even in the comparatively simple case of point objects. To render the statistical analysis more realistic and thus applicable to the distribution of the NPC, one would have at least to consider disks instead of points. In the theoretical description, disks are characterized by a hard-core potential, implying that the center-to-center particle distance cannot be smaller than the particle diameter. More complicated interaction potentials can be thought of to account for any type of attraction or repulsion between particles. 

In this section, the differences between using CVD hybrid fillers and physically mixed hybrid fillers in polymer composites were studied. It shows an interesting result with regard to the thermal and hardness properties of composites. The synergistic effects of two components in the hybrid fillers helped each other perform as fillers and reinforcements in polymer composites. The thermal conductivities and hardnesses of phenolic/CNT—alumina hybrid composites were studied. The CNT—alumina hybrid (HYB compound) was produced via the CVD method, which was discussed in Section 5.6. The phenolic/CNT—alumina hybrid composites were fabricated using hot-mounted molding. Thermal conductivity was measured using the transient plane source method with a Hot-Disk Thermal Constant Analyzer. Table 5.4 shows the sample description in this study. 

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