Haploid definition

The combination of alleles inherited from a parent is described as a haplotype, a contraction of the term haploid genotype (CIO). Since there are two representatives of chromosome 6 present in each person, one from each parent, an individual will possess, by definition, two HLA-A genes, two HLA-B genes, two HLA-DR genes, etc. 

Tremella/Cryptococcus. The first definitive compositional and structural studies (, ) on a member of this family of polysaccharides were done on the heteropolysaccharide produced by C. laurentii var. flavescens NRRL Y-1401. Because haploid, yeastlike species of the basidiomycetous genus Tremella formed glucu-ronoxylomannans (GXM) similar to those from species of Crypto-coccus, a taxonomic relationship was suggested between the genera "(576)7 Basidiomycetous perfect states were subsequently discovered for C. laurentii (7 ) and C. neoformans ( ). 

Most work in yeast genetics has been performed with two species, Sac-char omyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. For a detailed description of the respective life cycles, see Mortimer and Manney in Volume 1 of this series. It must be pointed out that both organisms can be cultivated as haploids and, in the case of Sacch. cerevisiae, in stable diploid forms as well. Since there are a great variety of yeasts of the Saccharomyces type which do not behave in this ideal way, all genetic experiments should be performed with strains currently used by yeast geneticists. Such strains are physiologically dioecious (see Esser 2) for definition of this term), whereas many strains isolated from nature are self-compatible and haploid cells fuse uncontrollably to form diploids. Typically, Saccharomyces strains... 

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